Voenno-medit͡sinskiĭ zhurnal
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One of modern tendencies of carrying out long ALV of patients with polytrauma is application of "early" tracheostomy. Thus optimum terms of early tracheostomy are defined indistinctly and vary from 2 to 10 days from beginning of ALV. It is established that at predicted long ALV of patients with polytrauma optimum terms of tracheostomy performance is the second period of traumatic illness (12-48 hours from the moment of getting trauma). Tracheostomy, executed for patients with polytrauma for the purpose of maintenance long AL V in early terms, promotes improvement of gases diffusion, microcirculation in lungs, improvement of system of external breath as a whole and it is accompanied by decrease in frequency of development life danger infectious pulmonary complications and lethality reduction.