JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
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To study the characteristics of infants and children presenting with iatrogenic Cushing's Syndrome due to nappy rash ointments. ⋯ Self-medication and prolonged use of potent steroid ointments are major contributors in development of iatrogenic Cushing's Syndrome in infants and children. Younger age, female gender and use of disposable diapers were other important predisposing factors.
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To determine the pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods used by neonatal intensive care unit nurses to reduce procedural pain. ⋯ Among the nurses in both groups, very little pain management was used for invasive procedures. Educational programmes for pain management in newborns should be arranged to develop an institutional culture. Guidelines for these patients' pain management should also be established.
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Diabetes is a multifactorial disease, with multiple pathophysiologic abnormalities. This means that a combination of drugs, acting upon as many pathologic mechanisms as possible, is necessary for optimal management of the syndrome. This article discusses how a rational combination of oral anti-diabetic drugs can be chosen and used in primary care practice.