Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jun 1992
[Prevention of stomatitis in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia using PVP-iodine (Isodine) gargle].
From November 1987 to October 1990, we investigated the efficacy of povidine iodine gargle solution (Isodine Gargle) for preventing stomatitis in 26 patients (19 males and 7 females; mean age 53.2 years) with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The patients were given a concentrated preparation of the gargle solution which they had to dilute 50 times, and were asked to use it 8 times/day for one year. Twenty patients (76.9%) frequently suffered from stomatitis despite the gargling. ⋯ On the third year, they were asked to increase the frequency of gargling to 10 times/day; this resulted in a significant decrease in frequency of the episodes of stomatitis. Severe and painful stomatitis no longer occurred. Gargling with povidine iodine gargle solution was thus considered effective for preventing stomatitis in AML patients.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jun 1992
Multicenter Study Clinical Trial[An early phase II clinical study of cis-diammine glycolato platinum, 254-S, for head and neck cancers].
An early phase II clinical study of 254-S, a new anticancer platinum complex, for head and neck cancer was conducted by the 254-S Head and Neck Cancer Study Group consisting of 10 institutions. Based on the results obtained in the phase I study, 254-S was administered at 100 mg/m2 by 60 min intravenous drip infusion after being dissolved in 300 ml of 5% xylitol. In principle, the 254-S administration was repeated at least 2 times at 4 week intervals. ⋯ Major toxic effects were hematotoxicity, including thrombocytopenia (58.3%), leukopenia (58.3%) and anemia (33.3%), and gastrointestinal toxicity, including nausea and vomiting (45.8%) and anorexia (37.5%). Abnormal parameter changes on renal function were found in 2 patients (8.3%). Based on these results, it was concluded that 254-S is potentially a useful anticancer agent for the treatment of head and neck cancer, and should be further investigated in a late phase II clinical study.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jun 1992
[Phase I study of a new platinum complex 254-S, cis-diammine (glycolato)-platinum (II)].
A new platinum complex 254-S had a superior preclinical therapeutic indices compared to cisplatin, showing decreased renal and gastrointestinal toxicities. Phase I clinical study with a single dose schedule was conducted to investigate the safety, toxicity, pharmacokinetics and possible efficacy against various advanced cancers by a cooperative study of 10 institutions. The drug was administered by i.v. infusion for 60 min dissolved in 250 ml of 5% xylitol solution, without the use of hydration and antiemetics. ⋯ In conclusion, 254-S has demonstrated reduced non-hematologic toxicities as compared to cisplatin. This drug appears to be well tolerated and 120 mg/m2 was maximum tolerated dose. The recommended dose for phase II studies was thought to be 100 mg/m2 by i.v. infusion every 4 weeks.
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Breast conserving therapy is now considered standard treatment in patients with early breast cancer, and it yields equal local control and survival equal to those of radical mastectomy, in Europe and the United States. After many reports from western countries, Japanese surgeons started conservative treatment for early breast cancer. ⋯ Indication for this management by Fujio Kasumi at the Cancer Institute Hospital is T1, N0, M0. We reported here the method of radiotherapy, that is energy of photon, treatment field and total dose, which are discussed by the study group of the Japanese Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology.