Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy
-
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jul 2001
Review[Management of a hormone dependent cancer with endocrine therapy--prostate cancer].
We offer a historical overview of endocrine therapy for prostate cancer. Hormone therapy remains the cornerstone of treatment for patients with locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer. ⋯ New treatment strategies and modalities such as LH-RH antagonists, intermittent hormonal therapy, and antiandrogen monotherapy are appearing and being tested in clinical trials. However, to date there is still no effective therapy for patients who have hormone refractory disease.
-
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial[Examination on efficacy and safety of concurrent use of ondansetron hydrochloride and steroid in lung cancer patients on cisplatin].
The anti-emetic effect and safety in patients receiving ondansetron hydrochloride (OND group) and concurrent use of ondansetron and dexamethasone (DEX group) in cases of acute and delayed onset emesis induced by a single high dose of cisplatin, given as a chemotherapy to lung cancer patients, were comparatively studied. The study subjects were 78 lung cancer patients. The OND group received 4 mg of ondansetron via slow intravenous injection on Day 1, 30 minutes prior to cisplatin, and for Days 2 to 5, the subjects orally received 4 mg ondansetron tablet each day. ⋯ The group also achieved better efficacy in delayed onset of emesis. Two cases of adverse reactions (hiccups and elevation of ALT and BUN) were observed in the DEX group; however, since the symptoms were all mild, we did not consider there was any problem in safety. We conclude from the above findings that concurrent administration of ondansetron hydrochloride and dexamethasone is a clinically useful treatment for acute and delayed onset emesis induced by a single high dose of cisplatin given to lung cancer patients.
-
There have been expectations that neoadjuvant hormonal therapy would decrease the rate of positive surgical margins and, therefore, to improve the patient's survival rate after radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer. A review of seven prospective randomized studies for clinically localized prostate cancer revealed a significant decrease in the positive surgical margin rate in cases of clinical T2 disease after neoadjuvant hormonal therapy with prostatectomy. However, this treatment did not alter the rate of seminal vesicle invasion or lymph node metastasis after radical prostatectomy. ⋯ Furthermore, there was no improvement in prostate specific antigen-free survival rate after a maximum of 4 years follow-up. Further research is required to determine the optimal duration of neoadjuvant hormonal therapy and whether this therapy increases the survival rate. Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy before radical prostatectomy is not supported by any outcome at this point and its use remains in the investigational stage.