Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jun 2011
[Clinical efficacy of oxycodone against cancer-related pain with a wide variety of pathophysiologies].
Cancer-related pain has a wide variety of pathophysiologies. It is well known that many cancer patients suffer from visceral pain, neuropathic pain and bone pain, not only during the terminal phase but also in the active treatment phase. In general, opioids are highly effective against cancer-related pain. ⋯ Oxycodone could be effective on refractory bone pain that has a complicated pathophysiological mechanism. Furthermore, it has been reported that oxycodone may have a superior safety profile compared to morphine. Taking these characteristics into consideration, it appears that oxycodone is suitable as a first-line medication for the management of cancer-related pain that comes in a wide variety of pathophysiologies.
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Jun 2011
[Second-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma after first-line targeted therapy].
Cytokines were the only drugs proven to be effective for advanced renal cell carcinoma(RCC). Introducing the targeted drugs prolonged patients' survival. ⋯ Everolimus is effective for patients who have experienced progression of disease after sunitinib and/or sorafenib. Further prospective study including the sequencing of targeted drugs is warranted to develop better treatment strategies.
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Erlotinib and gefitinib are quinazoline derivatives that selectively and reversibly inhibit the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFR. Activating mutations in the EGFR confer hypersensitivity to the tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib and erlotinib in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Erlotinib has been developed in EGFR mutation-positive patients as a firstline treatment, and results from recently completed phase III studies have shown superior progression-free survival and response rates for erlotinib, compared to chemotherapy.