Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of remifentanil on the nonlinear electroencephalographic entropy parameters in propofol anesthesia.
Nonlinear electroencephalographic entropy parameters have been proposed for the assessment of depth of anesthesia. The influence of remifentanil, a commonly used intraoperative opioid, on these parameters, namely approximate entropy (ApEn), sample entropy (SampEn), and permutation entropy (PeEn), during induction of propofol anesthesia was studied. ⋯ No consistent influence on PeEn was observed. However, this may have been due to strong interindividual variation in PeEn values.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
Revisiting the video stethoscope: an application of digital signal processing software (Goldwave) to monitoring ventilation in intubated patients.
Problems with tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation are potentially important causes of perioperative morbidity and mortality. We have developed a method of monitoring the ventilation of both lungs during general anesthesia that is an advanced digital version of a more primitive analog technique developed over two decades ago. We used two miniature electret microphones connected to regular chest pieces, placing the assemblies on the anterior chest wall about 4 inches below the clavicle in the midclavicular line. ⋯ We also hypothesized that as a result of noise and anatomical variations that under conditions of bilateral mechanical ventilation the obtained plot would be very different from a simple 45 degree line. The data obtained supports these hypotheses. This preliminary study suggests that our technique may help provide a practical real-time warning system for detecting endotracheal tube malpositions, and may help build on the work of other investigators.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
Estimating transition point of anesthetic-induced loss of consciousness in mice by detecting motion in response to forced movement.
To characterize transition periods of entrance to and emergence from anesthetic-induced unconsciousness in terms of thalamocortical neural activity, we devised a new method estimating a transition point of anesthetic-induced loss of consciousness. The method continuously monitors an animal's head motion in response to forced movement on treadmill and uses the motion signals as a criterion of the transition. ⋯ Resulting signals from the motion detector could discriminate the points of entrance into and emergence from the anesthetic-induced unconsciousness with resolution corresponding to the sampling frequency. This method makes it possible to track the anesthetic transition period continuously without contaminating EEGs and LFPs.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
ReviewSpinal cord stimulation for complex regional pain syndrome.
The therapy of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is based on producing an electrical field on the dorsal surface of the spinal cord that blocks only neuropathic pain (ie, pain from damage to the nervous system). Most SCS devices deliver a biphasic pulse consisting of a pair of equal amplitude pulses with opposite polarity. SCS therapy is based on the gate control theory of pain and has been used for the treatment of diverse conditions of neuropathic pain, including complex regional pain syndromes (CRPS). ⋯ When used in the right patient, SCS provides significant pain relief in a majority of patients with CRPS. This review focuses on the effects of SCS on CRPS. In addition, an overview of the state of the art technologies used for implantable SCS medical devices is also provided.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2009
Ultrasound guided robotic biopsy using augmented reality and human-robot cooperative control.
Ultrasound-guided biopsy is a proficient mininvasive approach for tumors staging but requires very long training and particular manual and 3D space perception abilities of the physician, for the planning of the needle trajectory and the execution of the procedure. In order to simplify this difficult task, we have developed an integrated system that provides the clinician two types of assistance: an augmented reality visualization allows accurate and easy planning of needle trajectory and target reaching verification; a robot arm with a six-degree-of-freedom force sensor allows the precise positioning of the needle holder and allows the clinician to adjust the planned trajectory (cooperative control) to overcome needle deflection and target motion. Preliminary tests have been executed on an ultrasound phantom showing high precision of the system in static conditions and the utility and usability of the cooperative control in simulated no-rigid conditions.