Anesthesiology and pain medicine
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Infraclavicular brachial plexus block is an appropriate approach for distal arm and forearm surgeries. Local anesthetic adjuvant agents are used to improve the quality of nerve blocks. Dexmedetomidine and ketorolac are two different types of adjuvants, which have been used in some studies. ⋯ Our study showed that dexmedetomidine had better effects on sensory and motor block duration and motor block onset in comparison with ketorolac, as lidocaine adjuvants in infraclavicular brachial plexus block were present in both protocols. However, the first time to analgesic request by ketorolac was longer than dexmedetomidine.
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This randomized, clinical trial evaluates the analgesic and safety of paracetamol and Morphine in management of headache. ⋯ Intravenous paracetamol is an effective and safe treatment for patients admitted to the emergency department with headaches caused by head trauma.
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Postoperative pain is considered as a reason of patient's delay in discharge and disability aggravation. Therefore, multimodal approaches have been suggested in order to mitigate pain and decrease postoperative side effects. ⋯ Findings of present study showed that single dose of intravenous dexamethasone, led to less pain intensity and amounts of meperidine consumption, in comparison with placebo.
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Postoperative sore throat is a common complication of endotracheal intubation and can lead to dissatisfaction after surgery. Airway management has the strongest influence on the incidence of sore throat and improving endotracheal intubating conditions can reduce this complaint. Type of induction agent used during anesthesia can contribute to variances in the degree of post-operative sore throat. ⋯ Use of high dose Cisatracurium for induction during rapid sequence intubation carries a lower chance of developing sore throat compared to Succinylcholine. Studies comparing other adverse effects of these two agents are required to guide physician's choice of induction agent.
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Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has multifactorial etiology. Pain and use of opioids are among the important factors. ⋯ Intraperitoneal bupivacaine administration at the beginning and end of laparoscopic cholecystectomy reduced only visceral and shoulder pains at the 4th postoperative hour, but had no effect on reducing neither PONV, nor opioid demand, during the first four postoperative hours.