The Journal of nutrition
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The Journal of nutrition · Apr 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEnteral glutamine supplementation for the very low birthweight infant: plasma amino acid concentrations.
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The Journal of nutrition · Apr 1996
Gut endogenous nitrogen and amino acid excretions in adult domestic cats fed a protein-free diet or an enzymatically hydrolyzed casein-based diet.
Ileal and fecal gut endogenous nitrogen and amino acid excretions in adult domestic cats were determined. Ileal digesta were collected (10 cm of terminal ileum) from the cats fed either a protein-free diet or an enzymatically hydrolyzed casein-based diet (free amino acids and peptides < 10,000 Da) for 1 wk. Chromic oxide was included in each diet as an indigestible marker. ⋯ Most of the endogenous fecal amino acid excretions were unaffected by the inclusion of the antibiotics in the protein-free diet, although bacterial numbers were significantly lower (69%). Antibiotics addition led to significantly higher fecal endogenous excretions of nitrogen, taurine, threonine, serine and histidine but significantly lower excretions of methionine and lysine. Cats, like other simple-stomached mammals, excrete higher amounts of endogenous amino acids at the terminal ileum when the diet contains peptides.
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The Journal of nutrition · Apr 1996
Feeding of potato, tomato and eggplant alkaloids affects food consumption and body and liver weights in mice.
Reduced liver weight was used to evaluate the potential toxicity in mice of four naturally occurring steroidal glycoalkaloids: alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine, alpha-tomatine and solasonine. Increased liver weights was used to evaluate the three corresponding steroidal aglycones: solanidine, tomatidine, and solasodine and the non-alkaloid adrenal steroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Adult female Swiss-Webster mice were fed diets containing test compound concentrations of 0 (control), 1.2, 2.4 or 4.8 mmol/kg diet for 7, 14 or 28 d. ⋯ The increase in relative liver weight induced by solanidine and solasodine is a reversible adaptive response. These findings and the apparent effects of structure on biological activity should serve as a guide for the removal of the most toxic ++compounds from plant foods. The implications of the results for food safety and health are discussed.