Therapeutische Umschau. Revue thérapeutique
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Pulmonary embolism is a frequent event, even today the diagnostic comes often too late or not at all. Symptoms, clinical results and additional examinations like ECG, echocardiography, scintigraphy and angiography permit the differentiation between small peripheral and massive central pulmonary embolism [PE], important for the therapeutic procedure. ⋯ The goals of therapy in massive PE consist in a rapid reduction of the threatening load on the right ventricule by the embolism. If the patient is in cardiogenic shock, surgical embolectomy is indicated, without shock the immediate start of thrombolytic therapy must be considered.
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Burns are among the most common accidental injuries, occurring in almost any environment to victims of all ages. Most of them are minor injuries and may be treated on an out-patient basis. Superficial (first-degree and superficial second-degree) burns will heal uneventfully in about two weeks without scarring, as long as no infection complicates the healing process. ⋯ Finally, every burn victim requires tetanus prophylaxis. Major burns and burn wounds at sensitive locations such as head and hands should be treated in specialized burn centers. This provides best chances for survival and increases the probability for a good cosmetic result.
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Emergencies are frequent in the everyday ENT outpatient clinic. From a great variety of emergencies only the most frequent ones were outlined, such as epistaxis, acute unilateral deafness, injuries of the tympanic membrane, foreign bodies events and acute external otitis. The clinics, etiology and therapy are discussed in order to help the general practitioner to cope with emergencies in the ENT field.