Revista médica de Chile
-
Revista médica de Chile · Apr 2021
Observational Study[Accuracy of artificial intelligence compared to trained medical technologists in diabetic retinopathy screening].
The early detection of retinopathy among diabetics is of utmost importance. ⋯ Both strategies had a similar sensitivity to detect cases of sight-threatening DR. However, the specificity of DART was significantly lower compared to medical technologists, which would greatly increase the burden on the health system, a very important aspect to consider in a screening strategy.
-
Revista médica de Chile · Apr 2021
Case Reports[Scrofuloderma, cutaneous and pulmonary tuberculosis associated with COVID-19. Report of one case].
Cutaneous tuberculosis represents 1-1.5% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, including a variety of clinical conditions. Scrofuloderma and lupus vulgaris are the most common forms. ⋯ The diagnoses of scrofuloderma and pulmonary tuberculosis were confirmed, and during her evolution she presented a coinfection with SARS-CoV-2. The possible associations between tuberculosis and COVID-19 were reviewed.
-
Revista médica de Chile · Apr 2021
Review[The role of intestinal microbiota in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease].
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a wide spectrum of hepatic pathologies ranging from simple steatosis (SS) to hepatocellular carcinoma. Intestinal microbiota (IM) is composed of trillions of microorganisms existing in the gut. ⋯ In this condition, IM could have a pathogenic role through different mechanisms such as energy salvaging from food, an inflammatory stimulus, a modulation of the innate immune system, regulation of bile acid turnover, alteration of choline metabolism and increasing endogenous ethanol levels. This review is an update on the role of the intestinal microbiota in NAFLD and the possible mechanisms involved.
-
Screening programs for colorectal cancer (CRC) are standard in most developed countries because they reduce mortality and are cost-effective. Within them, colonoscopy allows to directly visualize the colon and remove neoplastic lesions. However, it is an expensive exam with low adherence in asymptomatic individuals. ⋯ Automated quantitative methods allow objective readings independent of the operator and the reaction reading time, necessary for the analysis of large numbers of samples. The participation rate with immunological FOBTs is higher than with chemical ones, which is why they are preferred by the different countries that have screening programs. The use of quantitative tests allows stratification of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients at higher risk, in the screening programs.