Revista médica de Chile
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Revista médica de Chile · Nov 2019
Meta Analysis[Psychological interventions for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A systematic review and meta-analysis].
Background Affordable interventions to improve metabolic control of Type 2-Diabetes Mellitus are increasingly necessary. Aim To review systematically the existing literature on the effects of psychological interventions on Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus compensation. Material and Methods We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of psychological interventions implemented for Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. ⋯ Results Most studies showed a decrease in the level of glycated hemoglobin after interventions, which applied different initiatives complementary to standard medical treatment. Mainly, these interventions encompassed training for self-monitoring and control of diabetes based on cognitive behavioral psychology, counseling, self-assessment and physical-spiritual work based on transpersonal psychology. Conclusions Psychological tools could be an adjunct to the standard medical treatment for patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, reducing glycated hemoglobin levels and improving self-regulation, disease awareness and adherence from the self-efficacy perception perspective.
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Revista médica de Chile · Nov 2019
Review[Clinical presentation and treatment of primary lipodystrophies].
Lipodystrophies are a heterogeneous group of syndromes defined by a severe reduction of the adipose tissue. These can be congenital or acquired. Anatomically, they can be partial or generalized. ⋯ The major complications of lipodystrophies are metabolic, often resulting in severe insulin resistance, diabetes and dyslipidemia. No cure is available for lipodystrophies but the supplementation with recombinant leptin potently controls the metabolic abnormalities when there is a leptin deficiency. Herein, we review the clinical presentation, diagnostic process and therapeutic principles of the main primary lipodystrophy syndromes.
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Chronic kidney disease is associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk and mortality, and a decrease in the health-related quality of life. It is known that the physical capacity of patients with chronic kidney disease is lower than their healthy counterparts. It also decreases progressively after the start of hemodialysis, even leading to the loss of functional independence. ⋯ In addition, several clinical studies and systematic reviews show an improvement in different clinical and laboratory variables and suggest a lower mortality, proving a reduction of health care economic costs. Exercise intervention in dialysis is safe. Although different guidelines promote exercise, it is necessary to work on its implementation on a large scale.
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Revista médica de Chile · Nov 2019
Prognostic impact of renal failure recovery in patients with newly diagnosed multiple mieloma.
Background Renal failure (RF) is a common complication in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Aim To evaluate the frequency of RF in NDMM patients, and the prognostic impact of its reversibility. Material and Methods A retrospective study evaluating demographic and clinical characteristics of 154 consecutive patients with NDMM was carried out. ⋯ Median survival was 53, 27 and 6 months, respectively (p < 0.01). In the multivariate analysis, RF and hypercalcemia were independent predictors of a worse outcome. Conclusions Achieving a complete RR in patients with NDMM, is associated with a better survival.
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Revista médica de Chile · Nov 2019
[Exercise and physical activity in adults who underwent bariatric surgery. Consensus document].
Physical exercise is useful in people who underwent bariatric surgery. However, the right dosage is still a topic for discussion. ⋯ Each topic was presented and subjected to discussion and voting by the participants and attendants who were exercise professionals from different obesity treatment centers. We report the conclusions reached for aerobic exercise, strength training, protein supplementation and physical activity for weight maintenance in bariatric patients.