Revista médica de Chile
-
Revista médica de Chile · Jul 1992
Historical Article["Revista Médica de Chile": 120 years (July 1872-July 1992)].
The "Revista Medica de Chile" founded in 1872 is the second oldest medical journal in Latin America after the "Gaceta Medica de Mexico" (1864). Among medical journals in the world it is placed 24. It has been published monthly without interruption, except for the period January through December 1891, due to the revolution taking place at that time. The first Editor was German Schneider, a German physician from Bonn who came to Chile in 1850 with the immigrants that settled in the South.
-
A National Committee from the Association of Medical Faculties has conducted a process of accreditation of training centers for specialists. Over a period of 13 years, 483 centers have been reviewed. ⋯ The Committee makes a strong recommendation to keep training programs under direct tuition from Medical Schools, especially faced with the interest of other medical care institutions in developing in service training. Also, a recommendation is put forward to organize cooperative programs among different Medical Schools and to give special emphasis to training programs for specialists in short supply.
-
When immediate defibrillation fails, successful cardiac resuscitation is contingent on prompt reestablishment of myocardial blood flow. Conventional methods of closed-chest resuscitation generates only critical levels of myocardial blood flow and therefore are of limited value for successful resuscitation. Methods that optimize the site, depth, rate and duration of precordial compression may increase myocardial blood flow, however, the lack of objective measurements of their hemodynamic effects limits the optimal performance of this resuscitation method. ⋯ With measurement of the end-expired PCO2, operator fatigue may be recognized, the technique of precordial compression may be optimized, and the likelihood of restoring spontaneous circulation may be estimated. When conventional cardiac resuscitation fails or is predicted to fail by measurements of end-tidal PCO2, more effective interventions such as open-chest direct cardiac massage may be instituted. Regarding the vast resuscitation polypharmacy, only agents that act by selectively augmenting coronary perfusion pressure and myocardial blood flow are of proven benefit for successful resuscitation.
-
Revista médica de Chile · Aug 1991
Biography Historical Article[Andrés Bello and the royal philanthropic vaccine expedition].
In 1803 [corrected], Charles IV King of Spain, sent an expedition to perform widespread ("arm to arm") vaccination against smallpox in the American colonies. The expedition led by Dr Francisco Javier de Belmis visited Puerto Rico, Venezuela, Central America, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia and Chile. ⋯ The expedition reached Chile in 1807, led by Dr Julián Grajales. This expedition was the most important medical act in the history of the Spanish colonies.
-
Revista médica de Chile · Jul 1991
Comparative Study[Etiologic diagnosis of pneumonia in adults: usefulness of bronchoalveolar lavage].
Quantitative evaluation of bacteria in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 15 patients with pneumonia was compared to that in 29 healthy controls. Aerobic and anaerobic cultures were used as well as cultures and staining for fungi and mycobacteria. A total of 1000 colony forming units per ml was considered a cutoff mark between colonization and infection. ⋯ Counts below the indicated level were observed in 23 of 29 controls. There was no morbidity associated to the procedure. Thus, an 85% sensitivity and 87% specificity for bronchoalveolar lavage in the etiologic diagnosis of pneumonia may be estimated from this study.