American journal of hospital pharmacy
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Filtration and infusion phlebitis: a double-blind prospective clinical study.
The effect of final filtration on the incidence of infusion phlebitis was studied in a prospective, double-blind investigation involving 146 postoperative patients. The incidence of infusion phlebitis was found to be significantly reduced when an inline, 0.45-mum membrane filter was used. The greatest reduction of infusion phlebitis was in the filter groups receiving unbuffered solutions and no set change over the 72 hours of therapy. ⋯ Antibiotic therapy appeared to have a slightly beneficial effect only when inline filters were employed. A significant rise in white blood cell count and an increase in sedimentation rate were observed in the patients receiving unfiltered fluids. It is recommended that inline final filters should be a part of routine intravenous therapy.
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The development and effect of the National Health Scheme on institutional Health Scheme on institutional pharmaceutical services in Australia are discussed. Government control over drug costs and the provision of pharmacy services, with its effect on both community and institutional practice, is assessed. Methods of improving the present system of health insurance under the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme in Australia are suggested, including their relevance to health care in the United States.