Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy
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Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy · Nov 2019
Meta AnalysisThe prevalence of alcohol use disorders among people living with HIV/AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is common among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and associated with a greater risk of poor medication adherence, unsafe sexual behaviors as well as poor quality of life. To our knowledge, there is no previous systematic review and meta-analysis that reported the pooled prevalence estimate of AUD among PLWHA. Therefore, this review aimed to systematically review the available studies on the prevalence of AUD among PLWHA and forward possible recommendations for future clinical practice and research. ⋯ In the current study, the pooled prevalence estimates of AUD among PLWHA was considerably high (29.80%). Screening and appropriate management of AUD among PLWHA are recommended.
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Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy · Jun 2018
ReviewPrinciples for managing OUD related to chronic pain in the Nordic countries based on a structured assessment of current practice.
Long-term use of opioid analgesics (OA) for chronic pain may result in opioid use disorder (OUD). This is associated with adverse outcomes for individuals, families and society. Treatment needs of people with OUD related to chronic pain are different compared to dependence related to use, and also injection, of illicit opioids. In Nordic countries, day-to-day practical advice to assist clinical decision-making is insufficient. ⋯ There is an opportunity to improve outcomes for patients with OUD related to chronic pain by developing and introducing care pathways tailored to specific needs of the population.
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Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy · Feb 2018
ReviewEvaluation of the psychometric properties of self-reported measures of alcohol consumption: a COSMIN systematic review.
To review studies about the reliability and validity of self-reported alcohol consumption measures among adults, an area which needs updating to reflect current research. ⋯ It was difficult to discern conclusively which measure was the most reliable and valid given that no study assessed all psychometric properties and the included studies varied in the psychometric properties that they selected to assess. However, when the results from the range of studies were considered and summed, they tended to indicate that the quantity-frequency measure compared to the other two measures performed best in psychometric terms and, therefore, it is likely to produce the most reliable and valid assessment of alcohol consumption in population surveys.
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Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy · Feb 2018
ReviewEvaluation of the psychometric properties of self-reported measures of alcohol consumption: a COSMIN systematic review.
To review studies about the reliability and validity of self-reported alcohol consumption measures among adults, an area which needs updating to reflect current research. ⋯ It was difficult to discern conclusively which measure was the most reliable and valid given that no study assessed all psychometric properties and the included studies varied in the psychometric properties that they selected to assess. However, when the results from the range of studies were considered and summed, they tended to indicate that the quantity-frequency measure compared to the other two measures performed best in psychometric terms and, therefore, it is likely to produce the most reliable and valid assessment of alcohol consumption in population surveys.
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Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy · Aug 2017
ReviewChronic pain and opioid misuse: a review of reviews.
The crisis of prescription opioid (PO) related harms has focused attention toward identifying and treating high-risk populations. This review aims to synthesize systematic reviews on the epidemiology and clinical management of comorbid chronic pain and PO or other substance misuse. ⋯ Overall, current systematic reviews have found a lack of high-quality evidence or consistent findings on the prevalence, risk factors, and optimal clinical assessment and treatment approaches related to concurrent chronic pain and substance misuse. Given the role of systematic reviews in guiding evidence-based medicine and health policy, there is an urgent need for high-quality primary research to guide future systematic reviews to address the escalating epidemic of harms related to chronic pain and substance misuse.