South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are defined as conditions involving decreased blood flow to the heart that can lead to heart attacks, stroke or other disorders. CVDs are a common cause of death in low- and middle-income countries. In South Africa (SA) in particular, CVD is the leading cause of death after HIV/AIDS, responsible for 1 in 6 deaths. CVD risk factors include unhealthy diets, hypertension, obesity, high cholesterol levels and diabetes. Omega-3 fatty acids may have a protective role in the risk of developing heart disease. ⋯ According to moderate- to high-certainty evidence, short-chain fatty acids and LCn3 have little or no effect on mortality or cardiovascular health. However, omega-3 ALA slightly reduces the risk of CVD events and arrhythmias.
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The correct antiretroviral (ARV) management of HIV-positive pregnant women can be complex, with many variables to consider. uMgungundlovu District Management in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Province, South Africa, suspected that the taking and retrieval of blood tests relating to ARV management in pregnancy could be improved. An antenatal ARV tracking form was therefore designed: a dedicated page on which to write all the ARV-related blood results and remind clinicians to take the correct bloods at the appropriate time. The form was photocopied and distributed to all antenatal clinics throughout uMgungundlovu District. ⋯ Uptake of use of the tracking form increased markedly after implementation. Use of the form significantly improved the taking and retrieval of blood tests and the management of ARVs. The form has since been printed as part of the new maternity case records in KZN.