South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde
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The infant mortality rate (IMR) (24 per 1 000 live births) remains high in South Africa (SA), well above the recommended sustainable development goal (SDG) 3 of 12 deaths per 1 000 live births. High infant mortality is a poor indicator of the health of a population and will hamper attainment of the SDGs. ⋯ The study findings showed a reduction in the trends of infant mortality between 2007 and 2016 in SA; despite the reduction, health inequalities persist. There is a correlation evident between maternal HIV prevalence and IMR in SA. We recommend the use of disability-adjusted life expectancy in SA to measure population health and introduce robust data sets that can better inform policy.
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No matter which benefit option members have chosen, medical schemes are required by the Medical Schemes Act no. 131 of 1998 to pay costs associated with the diagnosis, treatment, or care of a specified set of benefits known as Prescribed Minimum Benefits (PMBs). Medical scheme beneficiaries have the right to lodge complaints with the Council for Medical Schemes (CMS) when their claims are denied. ⋯ Chronic conditions are the main diseases that medical scheme members complained about. Member education and clear definition of PMBs should be prioritised by medical schemes and the Council for Medical Schemes.
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Trends data up to 2018 suggest that tobacco smoking was increasing in South Africa (SA), but only limited information is available on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the current pattern of use of tobacco and nicotine products (TNPs). ⋯ The use of all TNPs continued to increase in SA, particularly among women and unemployed people. These findings have policy and practice implications for addressing socioeconomic disparities in tobacco-related diseases.
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The health-promoting school programme has been associated with numerous benefits for school communities where it is well implemented. In Tshwane, the implementation processes have not been evaluated. ⋯ Implementers were keen on improving the lives of learners - health-wise and academically. With proper guidance, support and accountability measures by government at district and provincial level, implementation of the programme is feasible in the City of Tshwane.
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Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) remain vulnerable to HIV, with a higher incidence rate than their male counterparts. ⋯ The study identified an unmet need for HIV testing among sexually active AGYW in SA, especially adolescent girls aged 15 - 19 years. Increasing knowledge about HIV testing, adolescent-friendly services and other offsite strategies are therefore important for this particular key population.