Southern medical journal
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Southern medical journal · Dec 2012
Conventional and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration: complementary procedures.
The diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy and staging lung cancer with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) are on the rise. Most reports have demonstrated high yields with EBUS-TBNA and superiority of this procedure over conventional TBNA (cTBNA), but the relative roles of these procedures remain undefined. We present a comprehensive comparison of EBUS-TBNA to cTBNA. ⋯ EBUS-TBNA and cTBNA are complementary bronchoscopic procedures, and the appropriate diagnostic modality can be selected in a cost-effective manner based upon the primary indication for TBNA, lymph node size, and lymph node location.
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Southern medical journal · Dec 2012
Endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration in mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathies.
Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is a relatively noninvasive technique that allows sampling of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes or masses under real-time and direct visualization, overcoming some of the problems associated with mediastinoscopy and blind TBNA. The goal of this study was to evaluate the yield of this technique in patients with and without malignant disease in a newly started EBUS program involving physicians not previously fully trained in interventional pulmonology. ⋯ EBUS-TBNA is a safe and effective approach with high diagnostic yield and minimal complications for diagnosing and staging of mediastinal/hilar lymph nodes. Satisfactory results can be obtained immediately by pulmonologists experienced in conventional bronchoscopy with the provision of additional training on the technique.
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Southern medical journal · Dec 2012
ReviewParkinson disease: research update and clinical management.
More than 1 million people in the United States have Parkinson disease (PD), more than are diagnosed as having multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, and myasthenia gravis combined. PD affects approximately 1 in 100 Americans older than 60 years. It burdens patients, their care partners, and the overall healthcare system. ⋯ The article suggests that based on new research, the prevalence of PD varies in different regions of the United States. Some progress has been made in identifying the risk and protective factors of PD, and a newly emphasized area of study in PD is genetics. Patient care recommendations, based on American Academy of Neurology practice guidelines, are outlined to show the state of contemporary medical management of PD and related disorders.
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Southern medical journal · Dec 2012
Smoking during pregnancy rates trends in a high smoking prevalence state, 1990-2009.
To assess the trends for smoking during pregnancy for whites and blacks in Missouri, a state with a high prevalence of smoking, for the period 1990-2009. ⋯ Rates for smoking during pregnancy for whites and blacks in Missouri overall have not changed appreciably from 2000 to 2009. Beneficial antismoking during pregnancy effects that could reverse this trend may be achievable via improved access to prenatal care, especially for young, uneducated women.