Southern medical journal
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Southern medical journal · Oct 2022
ReviewPathophysiology and Management of Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema in Patients with Acute Severe Brain Injury.
Acute brain injury (ABI) consists of any acquired insult to the brain and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Approximately 20% to 30% of patients with ABI develop a lung injury called neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE), and its development often results in poor outcomes. This article provides a narrative review of the evidence regarding proposed mechanisms of injury, diagnosis, and treatment of NPE in the critical care setting. ⋯ Management strategies aim to address both brain and lung injury, and treatment modalities appear to work best when balanced toward maintaining a normal physiologic state. In summary, NPE is an often underdiagnosed but important sequela of ABI, which may result in additional long-term morbidity. It is therefore an important entity for providers to recognize and tailor their clinical approach toward.
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Southern medical journal · Oct 2022
ReviewIncreasing Nasal Tip Projection Using Structural Grafts: A Review of Outcomes.
Nasal tip projection (NTP) is an important criterion when evaluating the result of rhinoplasties. Increasing NTP is essential for nasal function and visual aesthetics. Grafts such as columellar strut grafts (CSGs) and septal extension grafts (SEGs) are commonly used. We analyzed the safety and efficacy of the most commonly used grafts for increasing NTP during surgical rhinoplasty. ⋯ Findings show that CSG and SEG grafts were safe and effective at increasing NTP. We suggest that CSG may be safer and more effective than SEG at increasing NTP in rhinoplasties. Further prospective studies may elucidate the mechanisms underlying the differences between CSGs and SEGs in patient safety and satisfaction when increasing NTP in surgical rhinoplasty.
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Southern medical journal · Oct 2022
Knowledge of Teenagers and Young Adults about COVID-19 and Compliance with Social Distancing Guidelines.
Understanding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) knowledge and personal preventive behaviors of younger individuals is important as it can affect not only their own health but also the health of other potentially more vulnerable individuals. The aims of this study were to explore the knowledge of teenagers and young adults about COVID-19 and assess their personal preventive behavior. ⋯ We found high awareness of COVID-19, but also identified important knowledge gaps about COVID-19 and preventive measures. Digital platforms and social media campaigns can be important sources for providing evidence-based and age-appropriate information about COVID-19 and recommendations for safe activities to reduce social isolation during the pandemic and its negative mental health effects. This study also suggests that teachers may be an underused source of accurate information about COVID-19. These findings can be used to develop effective educational interventions to help combat the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on young individuals.
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Southern medical journal · Oct 2022
Preparing Residents to Respond to Incidences of Gender Discrimination and Sexual Harassment: An Interactive Workshop.
Gender discrimination and sexual harassment are common in academic medicine. There are limited data on how to prepare medical trainees to respond to these incidents. The objective of this work was to understand the experience of residents with sexual harassment and to evaluate the impact of a low-cost educational intervention to better prepare residents to respond to incidents of gender discrimination and sexual harassment. ⋯ This workshop offers one potential solution by better preparing residents to actively respond to incidents of gender discrimination and sexual harassment.
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Southern medical journal · Oct 2022
Forgone Care among LGBTQ and Non-LGBTQ Americans during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Health, Social Support, and Pandemic-Related Stress.
In this study, we explore the role of Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic-related stress, social support, and health on unmet healthcare needs during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, particularly among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer plus (LGBTQ+) adults. ⋯ Future research should examine the unique factors shaping the access to health care of LGBTQ+ adults in the United States, and healthcare practitioners should consider strategies to screen for discrimination and leverage the protective benefits of social support.