Southern medical journal
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Southern medical journal · Jun 2023
ReviewComprehensive Review of Hypertensive Disorders Related to Pregnancy.
Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy is a common complication during pregnancy that affects approximately 10% of pregnancies and is responsible for nearly 14% of maternal deaths worldwide. It affects the mother and the fetus simultaneously, sometimes putting the health of the mother and the fetus at odds with each other. ⋯ In this review, we aimed to describe hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, mainly preeclampsia and chronic hypertension in pregnancy, by discussing the pathophysiology, the central role of abnormal placentation, the release of antiangiogenic factors in the circulation and immunological factors, the clinical outcome in the mother and the fetus, and the diagnostic criteria and principles of management of both the conditions. We also discuss possible screening methods and prevention of preeclampsia using low-dose aspirin and eclampsia prophylaxis.
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Southern medical journal · Jun 2023
Mediation Analysis of Maternal Smoking, Gestational Age, and Birth Weight on the Texas-Mexico Border.
Published data on the indirect effect of maternal smoking on birth weight as mediated by gestational age in Hispanic populations are lacking. Our goal was to conduct such a mediation analysis using data from El Paso County, Texas. ⋯ In our large, predominantly Hispanic cohort, it appears that gestational age is not a mediator of the effect of maternal smoking on birth weight. Future studies in our population should explore other possible mediators of this association.
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Southern medical journal · Jun 2023
ReviewAcute Adverse Effects Related to Consumption of Nonnutritive and Low-Calorie Sweeteners.
Nonnutritive sweeteners (NNSs) and low-calorie sweeteners (LCSs) are commonly used as sugar substitutes. Many popular media Web sites caution against the use of these sweeteners because of their potential adverse effects such as inflammation; however, there are limited supporting data. ⋯ A few studies cite reports of acute adverse effects, including mild gastrointestinal disturbance, headaches, lightheadedness, hypersensitivity reactions, impaired spatial orientation, depression, and pain. Little scientific evidence has been reported in the literature since 2010 to support these warning statements to consumers about acute adverse effects to NNSs and LCSs.
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Southern medical journal · Jun 2023
An Educational Needs Assessment of Telehealth in Primary Care Among US Internal Medicine Residents.
As a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, many Internal Medicine (IM) residency programs converted to telehealth for primary care. Our objectives in this study were to better understand resident past and present telehealth education, their perceived barriers to telehealth practice, and their perceived solutions to improving telehealth use and education. ⋯ To effectively address the educational needs for telehealth practice by IM residents, educators must consider not only curricular needs but also clinical, preceptor, and patient barriers to the high-quality use of telehealth for primary care.
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Southern medical journal · Jun 2023
Perceptions of Gender Stereotypes among Women Residents in Surgical and Nonsurgical Specialties.
The objective of this study was to determine whether and to what degree residents experience stereotype perception by gender and specialty type (surgical vs nonsurgical). ⋯ Women resident physicians in both surgical and nonsurgical fields reported higher levels of gender stereotype perception compared with men, making it imperative that graduate medical education leadership support changes to the current learning environment.