Mayo Clinic proceedings
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Magnesium disorders are common in clinical practice and when present can manifest clinically as cardiovascular, neuromuscular, or other organ dysfunction. Hypomagnesemia is far more common than hypermagnesemia, which is largely seen in patients with reduced glomerular filtration rates receiving magnesium-containing medications. In addition to inherited disorders of magnesium handling, hypomagnesemia is also seen with excessive gastrointestinal or renal losses and due to medications such as amphotericin B, aminoglycosides, and cisplatin. ⋯ Replacement of magnesium can be challenging, with oral replacement strategies being generally more effective at slowly replacing body stores but intravenous replacement being more effective at treating the more life-threatening and severe cases of hypomagnesemia. We conducted a thorough review of the literature using PubMed (1970-2022) and the search terms magnesium, hypomagnesemia, drugs, medications, treatment, and therapy. In the absence of clear data on optimal management of hypomagnesemia, we have made recommendations on magnesium replacement based on our clinical experience.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Apr 2023
Cardiovascular Risk and Diseases in Patients With and Without Leptin-Melanocortin Pathway Variants.
To study differences in cardiovascular risk factors and diseases between patients with and without genetic variants in the leptin-melanocortin pathway. ⋯ Despite having similar body weight and BMI, carriers of heterozygous variants in the leptin-melanocortin pathway had higher rates of hypertension than noncarriers. These findings point to an association between hypertension and leptin-melanocortin pathway variants.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Apr 2023
Palliative Care Use in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Do-Not-Resuscitate Status From a Nationwide Inpatient Cohort.
To examine the predictors, treatments, and outcomes of the use of palliative care in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who had a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order. ⋯ In patients who had a DNR status and were hospitalized and received a diagnosis of AMI, only one-third received palliative care.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Apr 2023
Accelerated Aging in LMNA Mutations Detected by Artificial Intelligence ECG-Derived Age.
To demonstrate early aging in patients with lamin A/C (LMNA) gene mutations after hypothesizing that they have a biological age older than chronological age, as such a finding impacts care. ⋯ AI-ECG predicted that LMNA patients have a biological age older than chronological age and accelerated aging even in the absence of cardiac abnormalities by traditional methods. Such a finding could translate into early medical intervention and serve as a disease biomarker.
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To determine differences in plasma sex hormone levels in male and female coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and healthy volunteers (HVs) because cell entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 occurs via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor which is downregulated by 17β-estradiol. ⋯ Sex hormone levels differ between patients with COVID-19 and HVs, with sex-specific patterns of hypogonadism in males and females. These alterations may be associated with disease development and severity.