Hand (New York, N.Y.)
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Hand (New York, N.Y.) · Sep 2013
Dynamic neuromusculoskeletal ultrasound documentation of brachial plexus/thoracic outlet compression during elevated arm stress testing.
The diagnosis and validation of thoracic outlet syndrome/brachial plexopathy (TOS) remains a difficult challenge for surgeons, neurologists, and radiologists. This is due to the fact that the responses of standard elevated arm stress tests can be considered somewhat subjective and can vary. Therefore, non-vascular TOS cases are presently diagnosed clinically, and any objective diagnosis has been controversial. ⋯ This paper offers a simple, objective, and visual diagnostic test that can validate the presence or absence of brachial plexus compression during arm elevation in patients with brachial plexus injury and thoracic outlet syndrome.