Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række
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Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen. · Jun 1993
Comparative Study Historical Article[Female physicians--choice of specialty and career].
The first part of the article contains a brief review of the role of women physicians in the history of medicine. The main part article presents an analysis of choice of specialty and the careers of female physicians in Norway. ⋯ The pattern is the same in Norway as in other countries: women physicians tend to choose specialties with lesser prestige, they represent a relative minority among the academic elite, and there are few women in leading positions in medicine. The author summarizes some of the explanations that have been suggested for these phenomena.
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The author presents a practical guide for diagnosis and management of some common emergencies. The most common are hypoglycaemia in persons with diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis and non-ketotic hyperosmolar diabetic coma. Acute adrenocortical failure is also quite common. ⋯ In rare cases the emergency situation is the presenting symptom. Thyreotoxic crisis, myxoedema coma and hypercalcemic crisis are less common. A high level of suspicion is important for early diagnosis and successful treatment of these conditions.
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Sudden bleeding in the advanced stage of pregnancy is usually caused by abruptio placentae. Pre-eclampsia may develop rapidly into eclampsia and should lead to immediate hospitalization of the patient. ⋯ Hypothermia of the newborn baby should be avoided by drying it and placing it at the mother's breast. The umbilical chord is cut at the obstetrical department.
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We report the cases of four patients with testicular injury following blunt scrotal trauma, and present a system of classification for testicular injuries. One patient had a rupture of tunica albuginea and three had intratesticular haematomas. Two patients were operated on with uneventful postoperative courses. ⋯ Both testes atrophied. We fear that many testes atrophy because of damage caused by pressure of intratesticular bleeding. Qualified surgical evaluation shortly after testicular injuries is of utmost importance for the prognosis.