Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række
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Stress, acute illness and surgery are known to increase blood sugar. Hyperglycaemia in critically ill patients is associated with increased mortality irrespective of diabetes status. The effect of treating critically ill patients with insulin infusions has been assessed in many randomised trials in recent years. Possible mechanisms related to hyperglycaemia and the effects of insulin have also been studied. ⋯ Insulin therapy is an inexpensive and safe way to improve outcome in critically ill patients. Insulin infusions should therefore be used more to treat hyperglycaemia in critically ill hospitalized patients, especially in coronary care- and intensive care units.
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Pulmonary air-leakage (PAL), especially pneumothorax, is a potentially severe complication of pulmonary disease in newborn infants. It is often related to therapeutic procedures such as resuscitation and mechanical ventilation. ⋯ PAL often occurred spontaneously and shortly after birth in connection with resuscitation and stabilization for respirator treatment. The risk for PAL in mechanically ventilated infants was lower once the start-up process had been completed. In infants who had received porcine surfactant for RDS the incidence of PAL during mechanical ventilation was low.
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Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen. · Sep 2007
Review[Mycoplasma genitalium--aetiological agent of sexually transmitted infection].
Non-gonococcal urethritis/cervicitis (NGU) is now the most common sexually transmitted infection that is possible to treat. Mycoplasma genitalium is a microorganism about to be established as an aetiological agent of NGU and upper genital infection. ⋯ There seems to be sufficient evidence to conclude that Mycoplasma genitalium causes sexually transmitted infection. The microbe is associated with non-gonococcal urethritis in both men and women and cervicitis in women. It may also be the cause of upper genital infection in women. M. genitalium seems to cause more severe urethritis and more often lead to symptomatic urethritis/cervicitis than non-chlamydia-non-gonococcal urethritis/cervicitis that is not associated with M. genitalium. For testing, a cervical/vaginal swab should be used for women and first void urine should be collected for both sexes. Nucleic acid amplification tests are used. Azithromycin is more effective against M. genitalium than doxycycline and erythromycin. Moxifloxacin is effective in cases of azithromycin resistance.