Vestnik Rossiĭskoĭ akademii meditsinskikh nauk / Rossiĭskaia akademiia meditsinskikh nauk
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Vestn. Akad. Med. Nauk SSSR · Jan 2012
Review[The application of nuclear medicine imaging in neurology, neurosurgery and psychiatry].
Analysis of use of nuclear medicine imaging (positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography) in diagnosis, differential diagnosis and evaluation of treatment efficacy of central nervous system diseases is presented in this review. The possibility of radionuclide imaging techniques in different variants of dementia, Parkinson's disease, brain tumors is demonstrated on the basis of personal authors experience and recent literature data. Results of PET application in evaluating of the effecacy of stereotactic interventions in patients with anxiety obsessive disorders are also described in the review.
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Vestn. Akad. Med. Nauk SSSR · Jan 2012
[New technologies in surgery of non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhages].
The new possibilities in therapy of cerebral aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations and hypertensive intracranial hematomas recently have come into the neurosurgical sphere due to development of neurovisualization and neurophysiology methods and widely usage of microsurgical principles as well as neuroendoscopy, neuronavigation systems and methods of intraoperative control for operative radicality in surgery of non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhages. Besides this progress was not possible without extensive development of several aspects of anesthesiology and reanimatology focused on anesthetic management and intensive care of neurosurgical patients in particular. Timely diagnostics and optimal choice of treatment methods in patients with non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhages allow to achieve good functional outcomes with trend to mortality minimization.
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In this review we provide the definition, goals and objectives of neurocritical care, evaluation of brief history of its development. Mechanical ventilation, intracranial hypertension, neuromonitoring as underlying basics of neurocritical care approaches are discussed. ⋯ Research data of multiple organ disfunction syndrome in severe stroke are described. Further development of neurocritical care is being discussed.
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Vestn. Akad. Med. Nauk SSSR · Jan 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study[Experience of palivizumab in prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial viral infection in premature children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia].
The data on prophylaxis efficacy of the Palivizumab (synagis) against respiratory syncytial viral infection in premature children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia are shown in the article. No side-effects, good tolerance and decrease of the frequency of bronchopulmonary dysplasia relapses and other viral diseases in whole in such children were registered.
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Vestn. Akad. Med. Nauk SSSR · Jan 2012
Review[Prevention of tuberculosis: current approaches to development of vaccines].
This review is focused on recent advances in development of new vaccines for the prevention of tuberculosis. The main reasons for lack of BCG vaccine efficacy in different populations and geographic regions are presented. Design of new vaccines based on live modified strains of Mycobacterium bovis BCG, attenuated strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, recombinant proteins and viral vectors is considered in the specific examples. The usage of the heterologous "prime-boost" vaccination strategy against tuberculosis is discussed.