Veterinary and human toxicology
-
Methemoglobinemia following fire exposure is largely unrecognized. Fire related morbidity and mortality are customarily attributed to thermal injury, associated trauma, and carbon monoxide poisoning. ⋯ Relatively low levels of methemoglobin could complicate concomitant carbon monoxide poisoning by additive or synergistic effects on oxygen binding and delivery. We report 3 cases of significant methemoglobinemia (levels of 19, 12, and 12%) in survivors of a dwelling fire and review the literature with regard to this phenomenon.
-
In a retrospective study of 49 cases of carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication presented to the University of Illinois Hospital (UIH) Emergency Department between November 1986 and April 1988, we looked for a correlation between carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) as determined by a venous sample and the pH as determined by arterial blood gas analysis. The range of COHb levels in our study was 10-64% (mean 21.8% +/- 10.2%). Smoke inhalation cases (n = 3) were excluded from our study because they did not represent pure CO intoxication. ⋯ We also retrospectively reviewed records of 104 cases who presented to Cook County Hospital Emergency Department with COHb levels over 10% during the period between March 1986 and May 1988. In these cases, we found no significant correlation between COHb level and arterial pH. We therefore conclude that arterial blood gases drawn in order to determine the degree of acidosis in mild CO intoxication without respiratory distress may not be useful in guiding therapeutic intervention and need not be routinely drawn.