Harefuah
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Anatomical restraining of tongue movement (tongue-tie, ankyloglossia) has been known for centuries and the subject of dozens of articles. The heated debate persists on its clinical significance and indications for treatment. Most authorities in the field of infant feeding and Lactation agree that breastfeeding problems, such as nipple pain and latching difficulties, are common signs of clinicaLly significant tongue-tie and indications for performing a frenotomy, while the sole presence of a visible lingual frenulum is not. ⋯ When it is indicated, frenotomy is performed by lifting the tongue and snipping the frenulum with scissors. Complications of frenotomy are rare and consist mainly of self-limited minor bleeding. The significance of posterior tongue tie and the long-term effects of frenotomy performed during early infancy are unresolved issues.
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Scaphoid fracture is the most common fracture in carpal bone of the wrist and represents 11% of all upper extremity fractures. In most cases, the mechanism of injury is a fall with an outstretched hand. Scaphoid fracture detection can be made by clinical examination and standard radiography. ⋯ Displaced fractures of scaphoid, should be treated operatively, as they carry a greater risk for nonunion and malunion, which are associated with the development of radiocarpal arthritis, stiffness and wrist instability. Computed tomography is more useful as an assessment tool in pre-operative planning to determine the fracture location and fragment displacement. Early detection and appropriate treatment of scaphoid fractures is the key to favorable outcome in the treatment of scaphoid fractures.