Biochimica et biophysica acta
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Mast cells are well known for their role in allergic and anaphylactic reactions, as well as their involvement in acquired and innate immunity. Increasing evidence now implicates mast cells in inflammatory diseases where they are activated by non-allergic triggers, such as neuropeptides and cytokines, often exerting synergistic effects as in the case of IL-33 and neurotensin. Mast cells can also release pro-inflammatory mediators selectively without degranulation. ⋯ Understanding selective release of mediators could explain how mast cells participate in numerous diverse biologic processes, and how they exert both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive actions. Unraveling selective mast cell secretion could also help develop unique mast cell inhibitors with novel therapeutic applications. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mast cells in inflammation.
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Biochim. Biophys. Acta · Jan 2012
ReviewRelevance of mast cell-nerve interactions in intestinal nociception.
Cross-talk between the immune- and nervous-system is considered an important biological process in health and disease. Because mast cells are often strategically placed between nerves and surrounding (immune)-cells they may function as important intermediate cells. ⋯ Furthermore we discuss mechanisms involved in physical mast cell-nerve interactions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mast cells in inflammation.
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Biochim. Biophys. Acta · Jan 2012
ReviewThe two faces of mast cells in food allergy and allergic asthma: the possible concept of Yin Yang.
The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of mast cells in allergic inflammation. We have focused on inflammation associated with allergic asthma and food allergy. Mast cells are 'first line of defense' innate/adaptive immune cells and are widely distributed in tissues in surfaces exposed to the environment. ⋯ Recent studies revealed that mast cells, besides the classical role of pro-inflammatory effector cell, have also emerged as modulators of allergic sensitization and down-regulators of allergic inflammation. Therefore, mast cells can be regarded as 'Ying Yan' modulators in allergic responses in intestinal tract and airways. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mast Cells in Inflammation.