The Journal of infectious diseases
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Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB), but no study has assessed how this risk changes with time since HIV seroconversion. ⋯ The increase in the risk of TB so soon after infection with HIV was unexpected. Current predictive models of TB incidence underestimate the effect of HIV infection in areas where TB is endemic.
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The study sought to determine the relationship between cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia during early infancy and clinical and laboratory outcome events, particularly hearing loss in infants with symptomatic congenital CMV infection involving the central nervous system (CNS). ⋯ In children with symptomatic congenital CMV infection involving the CNS, viremia during early infancy is associated with hearing loss and systemic CMV disease.
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Corticoids normalize leukocyte production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in septic shock.
A regulatory loop between macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and glucocorticoids has been characterized in animal models. Renewed interest in glucocorticoid treatment for septic shock offers an opportunity to analyze this regulatory loop in humans. ⋯ To our knowledge, MIF is the first proinflammatory cytokine in which ex vivo release by circulating cells is enhanced during sepsis. Glucocorticoid treatment normalized the release of MIF by circulating PBMCs from patients with septic shock.