Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2006
Multicenter Study[Influence of intraschool factors on pupils' mental performance and health status].
The study of the intraschool environment in the examined educational establishments has indicated that the sanitary and hygienic conditions of pupils' school stay are characterized by a diversity of disadvantages. The leading factors that have the greatest influence on schoolchildren's morbidity are those associated with the organization of a teaching-and-educational process (36.9%) and with the intraschool environment (28.1%). All the foregoing suggests that a hygienic monitoring system should be set up in each school for the systemic monitoring of pupils' health and for its forming factors.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2006
Review[Sociohygienic monitoring in the Russian Federation: problems and tasks].
The State sociohygienic monitoring (SHM) system is one of the most important mechanisms of providing sanitary-and-epidemiological well-being in the population. The March 30, 1999 Federal Law on Sanitary-and-Epidemiological Well-being of the Population" refers SHM to as one of the mechanisms of state regulation in this field and defines as a state system for monitoring the population's health and the environment, for analyzing, evaluating, and predicting them, and for revealing cause-and-effect relations between the population's health status and the influence of environmental factors. Much work has been recently done to establish and manage a federal information fund (FIF) that is a database on the human health status and environment, based on long-term observations and an aggregate of normative legal acts and reference materials on the analysis of prediction and determination of cause-and-effect relations between the human health status and the influence of environmental factors. ⋯ The draft list of SHM indices is harmonized with the indices of the European SHN information system, with the list of social diseases, approved by the Russian Federation's Government Regulation No. 715 dated December 1, 2004, and the list of national security threat indices (A 21-2162 dated August 29, 2003). The draft list has been considered by the specialists of the Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being; comments have been taken into account. The draft is under reconsideration and will require approval in the near future.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2006
Multicenter Study[The half-board is a current model for formation of the health-preseving environment for junior schoolchildren].
The investigations have established that the hygienically founded organization of schooling and extraschool performance of gymnasia pupils levels increase educational and psychoemotional burdens. The contents and structure of a half-board have been developed and substantiated as a current health formation system for junior schoolchildren in the innovational institutions. The introduction of the structural elements of a half-board into a gymnasium provides an efficient organization of a teaching-and-educational process and vital activity in junior schoolchildren, which in turn promotes better adaptability and qualitative academic achievement in the pupils.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2006
[The cytological status of the nasal mucosa and the buccal epithelium in coal miners].
Sixty-four persons were examined. The examination was undertaken to study the cytomophological parameters of the cells of the nasal mucosa and the buccal epithelium in coal miners. ⋯ Nasal mucosal atrophic changes were observed in 50% of the examined miners. Examination of the buccal epithelium in apparently healthy miners (code 0) and in workers with Stage I anthracosilicosis revealed the increased proportion of microfloral (Streptococcus) contamination by 79% and 3.7 times, respectively.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2006
[Immunological responsiveness in trained and untrained schoolchildren and students during a school year].
Examination of trained (43 skiers) and untrained senior schoolchildren (31 young males); low-order students-skiers (110 girls) and untrained students (17 girls); high-order students-skiers (n=39) and students not going in for sports (n=60) established that in school children and female students of both groups, the cellular and humoral immunogical changes were mainly seasonal: in spring versus autumn, a considerable reduction in the concentration of immunoglobulins (Ig) G, M, and A and circulating immune complexes (CIC) was attended by a significant B-immunity system increase. In the high-order skiers, the time course of changes in immunological responsiveness depended on both a season and a muscle activity regime. In autumn with the start of intensive training loads, the vast majority of immune defense parameters (9/12) were significantly higher in the trained skiers than in the untrained. In spring versus autumn, despite a significant reduction in many cellular and humoral immunological parameters with a considerable increase in the count of T and B lymphocytes in both groups of students, many parameters, in particular the levels of T and B lymphocytes, IgG, and CIC usually remained higher in the sporting students than those in the untrained students of the same age.