Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2006
[Health indices, which characterize the efficiency of the sociohygienic monitoring system, in the Moscow population].
The paper presents some indices that characterize morbidity in the Moscow population, which suggest positive trends in the health status in all population groups. These include stabilization of overall morbidity rates; a down-increase in the incidence of respiratory diseases and bronchial asthma; a reduction in overall morbidity in infants of the first year of life, including a reduction in the incidence of life-threatening diseases (perinatal pathology and congenital malformations; a decrease in the incidence of alimentary diseases associated with social factors. ⋯ One of the mechanisms of introduction of AHM results is to submit data to the Moscow Government in the annual reports "On the Moscow population's health status" which cover demography, morbidity, female health, and the regional features of the population's health in relation to environmental factors. Based on information, managerial decisions and measures to improve the sanitary-and-epidemiological situation in Moscow are taken and implemented.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2006
[Hygienic evaluation of ambient air pollution in the industrial towns of the Ukraine and assessment of its risk to human health].
The paper presents the results of a hygienic analysis of ambient air pollution in 18 large industrial towns of the Ukraine in 1990, 1996, and 2003 and calculations of cancer and non-cancer risks of atmospheric pollutions to the population's health. It also provides proposals for further development of studies.
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The time course of changes in ambient air pollution was hygienically estimated, socioeconomic factors (n = 31) and level of health care delivery (20 factors) were studied in selected towns (a city numbering over million dwellers, a large industrial center, and an average numbered administrative town). The factors forming the population's health were stratified in score, by taking into account the weighting factors (Delhi's method) in relation to the values of an administrative town, which were taken as 1 (one). ⋯ The quality of health care provision is higher in the million-numbered city (1.6 scores) and in large town (1.2 scores). The specific contribution of factors to the demographic setting was defined under specific conditions.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2006
[Estimation of environmental factors-caused damage to human health in the Republic of Kazakhstan].
The author proposes a theoretical rationale for estimation of environmental factor-induced damage to human health in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The stochastic nature of damage is shown and an association of the latter with the health risk category has been established. The author has developed a model of a relationship of health life expectancy to the level of gross domestic product and a procedure for economic evaluation of environment-induced damage to human health.