Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2007
Review[Current problems in the assessment of health risks and damages from the influence of environmental factors].
In the past decade, a great number of risk assessment projects have been implemented; experience in using the risk-assessing methodology in sociohygienic monitoring, in the hygienic evaluation of a possible impact of new or rebuilt plants on human health, and in the estimation of natural and cost damages from the influence of environmental factors has been gained. Along with the legal aspects of using the risk-assessing methodology, there is a diversity of urgent and unsolved problems: a discrepancy between the hygienic standards and the risk-assessing criteria established in our country, recommended by international organizations, or used in the leading countries of the world; evaluation of exposures; availability of data on exposures in both individual regions and Russia as whole; development of methods for the assessment of damages and for the comparative assessment of risks, including such indices and their value terms as lost life years and life years with consideration of the severity of abnormalities.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2007
[Use of morphofunctional and cytogenetic studies to analyze the influence of environmental factors].
Long-term studies of 2 (cytohistology and genetic monitoring) laboratories of the Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, to investigate the influence of environmental factors in the experiments made it possible to develop a noninvasive procedure for evaluating their cytological and cytogenetic impacts on man. A concurrent study of morphofunctional (histological, cytological) and cytogenetic parameters in both experimental and field trials can substantially extend and refine the interpretation of responses to environmental factors, which generates a need for using these parameters in hygienic and epidemiological studies.