Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2010
Comparative Study[Risk for environment-induced diseases due to air pollution from motor vehicles in road-patrol officers].
The paper describes risk factors for environment-induced diseases in road-patrol (RP) officers under the existing working conditions: noise and chemical ambient air pollution from motor vehicles. There is evidence for a significant increase in the incidence of diseases of the cardiovascular and nervous system, sense organs, digestive and endocrine metabolic systems in the State Road Safety Inspectorate officers who are directly engaged in traffic management. Potential and real risks from motor transport to the health of RP roads have been estimated. Recommendations on optimizing the working conditions are given.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2010
Comparative Study Historical Article[Consideration of a potential death risk in the methodology of assessing the population's health].
It has been shown that when calculating the summarized population's health index and the significance (weight) of partial signs, it is expedient to use the calculation from the potential death risk index rather than an expert judgment. The results of calculation examples using morbidity and mortality rates suggest that public health can be assessed on this methodic ground. It is advisable to apply the proposed method for assessing the population's health during sanitary-and-epidemiological surveillance (sociohygienic monitoring) when decisions are taken on the lines of health-promotion measures to reduce morbidity and mortality mainly by circulatory diseases, neoplasms, injuries, and intoxications.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2010
Comparative Study Historical Article[The status and measures to secure safe household water supply in the Russian Federation].
To preserve the health of our nation, to reduce mortality rates, and to increase longevity are the most important conditions for solving the problem of national security. The Russian Federation completely supports the world community's efforts to conserve water bodies and to prevent the spread water-borne diseases. ⋯ Portable water deficiency in a number of the Russian Federation's subjects, such as the Kostroma, Kaluga, and Pskov Republics, the Republic of North-Alania, etc., is one of the poor factors of household water supply. To improve the provision of our country's population with good-quality drinking water, the Russian Inspectorate for the Protection of Consumer Rights and Human Welfare, continuously does work to improve the legal and regulatory basis that stipulates sanitary-and-epidemiological standards for portable water and drinking water supply.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2010
Comparative Study[Estimation of adaptive capacities in Magnitogorsk children from the activity of some detoxification enzymes].
The paper provides the first fragment of a multiparameter study analyzing the influence of environmental pollution, the social and psychological features of a family, and some endogenous factors on genome stability and sensitivity in a developed ferrous metallurgy town. It also gives data on the urine and serum activity of the lysosomal enzyme N-acetyl-b-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and the serum activity of catalase in an organized contingent of apparently healthy children (n = 178; 6 kindergartens) aged 5-7 years, who live permanently in Magnitogorsk at different distances from the metallurgical works. More than 70% of children selected for examination were found to have average normal levels of activity of the enzymes studied. ⋯ In the children from the left-bank area, enzyme activities varied more greatly, which suggests the higher prevalence of tense adaptation. Correlation analysis revealed association between the children's serum activity of enzymes and some components of snow pollution. It is anticipated that the found changes in serum activities of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and catalase may be determined by individual differences in a child's response to ambient air pollutants.