Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2011
Comparative Study[Monitoring of biological contamination of household water supply objects].
Biological contamination of environmental objects was monitored in 245 monitoring points of the region according to the monitoring observation program. In 2005-2008, the proportion of drinking water samples from the distributing network of household water supply systems, which meet no hygienic standards, is 1.3 to 1.8% and the proportion of those from non-centralized water supply sources is 6.2%, which is due to a weak protectability of aquifers from their surface contamination. Comprehensive assessment of household water supply factors has indicated that water preparation and transportation are key links in the formation of household water supply problems.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2011
Comparative Study[Conceptual model for assessment and management of human risk from transport pollution].
The existing methodology for human health risk assessment allows one to appreciably study cause-and-effect relationships between environmental factors and human health. Risk management is a logic continuation of the assessment of human health risk and it is aimed at substantiating the choice of decisions that are best in a specific situation to eliminate or minimize it, to make follow-up monitoring of exposures and a risk, to evaluate the efficiency of health-improving measures and to correct the latter. Risk management involves technical, technological, organizational, social, legal, economic, normative, political, and other decisions made on the conclusions and estimates obtained when characterizing the risk.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2011
Comparative Study[Hygienic bases for management of bottled drinking water quality].
The paper analyzes the existing normative requirements, by controlling the packaged drinking waters versus tap water; substantiates additions into a list, the regulated levels of a number of indices for this type of products, including those for the waters designed for babies, and the narrowed list of indices for state control. To assure the high quality of finished products, it is shown to be important to perform a sanitary-and-epidemiological study of raw water for pouring and finished products in full conformity with normative documents and to use current water conditioning technologies by the level of major biogenic elements to have physiologically adequate waters of high quality.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2011
Comparative Study[Complex hygienic evaluation of working conditions and environmental protection at glass works].
The working conditions and sanitary-and-hygienic state of the Kvarts glass works in the town of Kuvasai were studied. Harmful industrial factors were shown to influence on the incidence of disease with temporary disability; atmospheric emission of pollutants and discharge of sewage were calculated. The results of the analysis were assessed in the hygienic point and necessary recommendations to improve working conditions and the environment.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2011
Comparative Study[Assessment of the health status of a population living in the catchment area of the Kuĭbyshev water reservoir].
An analysis of trends in primary morbidity in the regions belonging to the catchment area of the Kuibyshev water reservoir within the Republic of Tatarstan has shown its rise in the examined classes of diseases. There is the highest increase in morbidity in the areas located in the river basins of Kama, Sviyaga, Kazanka, Mesha, which are the main tributaries of the Kuibyshev water reservoir in the Republic of Tatarstan. The cumulative hazard index in the assessment of a noncancer risk to the health of the population consuming the portable water and fish from the Kuibyshev reservoir is 0.34, which suggests that there is no serious hazard to human health. With oral intake of lead and cadmium, the cancer risk corresponds to the maximum acceptable value.