Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2012
[Occupational risk for development of respiratory diseases in foundry shop workers at machinery industries].
The paper provides the results of assessment of prior and posterior occupational risks and those of questionnaire analysis in foundry shop workers from machinery enterprises. According to the data of attestation of job places, the working conditions of major foundry occupations were ascertained to correspond to class 3, grades 1 to 3. ⋯ According to the results of a questionnaire survey, more than half of the workers sought medical advice for bronchopulmonary pathology. Determination of whether there is, in terms of the etiological share, a cause-and-effect relationship between RDs and working conditions has shown that the occupation was highly responsible, which suggests that harmful industrial factors make a considerable contribution to the development of RDs in the workers of the enterprises under study.
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There are various harmful physical factors in the passenger and work premises of the Moscow underground. Noise is the most common harmful factor. The normative documents regulating noise in the underground were found to have discrepancies, which in practice makes it difficult to define whether the level of the sound is in compliance with the existing specifications and hence to determine effective actions made to mitigate its negative impact on the underground passengers and personnel.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2012
[Children's health status in relation to the level and nature of anthropogenic pollution].
The frequency of health groups 1 and 2 was studied in children living in the areas of the Orenburg Region, by taking into account the level and nature of their anthropogenic pollution. The pollution indicators of environmental objects (ambient air, drinking water, soil) were analyzed. ⋯ In the urban areas, health group 1 and 2 children were 2.2- and 1.6-foldfewer than that in the rural ones, respectively. Ambient air pollution was found to have a priority impact on the children's health.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2012
[Improvement of sanitary legislation for using the transboundary and boundary drinking water sources].
The paper considers legislative acts for organizing human water use in the transboundary areas and for ensuring hygienic requirements for choosing water sources to the conditions of economic activity in the drainage area of boundary subjects, for organizing a monitoring of the quality of water from centralized, household, and community water sources. Prompt interaction of the water users and supervisory bodies of adjoining areas must be a mandatory element of hydroeconomic activities in the border areas. Recommendations are given to improve water sanitary legislations.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2012
[Hygienic evaluation of educational conditions and health status in junior pupils from rural schools].
Clinical and epidemiological examinations were made in rural junior (8-10-year-old) schoolchildren from the Vyazma District, Smolensk Region. The clinical findings were compared with the results of evaluation of sanitary-and-hygienic school welfare (SGW), made by the regional branch of the Russian Inspectorate for the Protection of Consumer Rights and Human Welfare, and with those of a sociological survey of school directors and teachers. In the rural schools referred to as Group III morbidity, the incidence of diseases was ascertained to be significantly higher and their patterns had its peculiarities as compared to good hygienic and social educational institutions. There was evidence that the worse schooling conditions, the more children suffered from chronic diseases, chronic mental diseases and physical malformations in particular.