Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2014
[Hygienic evaluation of the effectiveness of the concept of improvement the water supply in the south-eastern region of the Republic of Tatarstan].
In the paper there is presented the hygienic assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of a program aimed at improving conditions of the water supply in the oil producing regions of the Republic of Tatarstan. As a result of realization of measures it was able to improve the quality of drinking water in terms of chemical safety and to reduce the risk to public health. For the present time the following factors: water quality of the water source, the mismatch of sanitary protective zone to requirements of sanitary laws and failure to comply with security measures on its territory, deterioration of water quality during transport and imperfection of laboratory control monitoring were shown to make the highest contribution to the disadvantage of centralized drinking water systems.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2014
Review[Results of health risk assessment due to exposure to contaminants in drinking water in Russia population (review of literature)].
With the purpose of the analysis of general trends in the development of risk assessment methodology in Russia the results obtained with the her help, as well as existing methodological problems, there was performed a review of 68 published works concerning the assessment of the health risk for population under the exposure to chemicals in drinking water carried out in 42 cities and regions of the country. There was made the grouping of Russian cities on individual carcinogenic risk level and ranking on the values for the population carcinogenic risk. ⋯ By the values of the risk indices to adverse effects of chemicals tap water there are exposed central nervous system, kidneys, liver, skin and mucous membranes, blood, bone, immune system, hormone homeostasis, blood circulation and digestion organs. There are identified methodological problems leading to an underestimation of the actual risk to public health under exposure of chemicals in drinking water: there are no used regional and age differences in exposure factors, virtually there is no assessed health risk for children population; there is ignored age sensitivity to carcinogens, there is rarely estimated exposure for all the real exposing routes of income and there are no carried out risk calculations at the upper limit (90- 95th percentile) of the exposure.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2014
[Scientific approaches to modernization of the regulatory framework in the field of hygiene of planning and building of settlements in Ukraine].
In the paper there are investigated and analyzed the new laws and regulations of sanitary and town planning legislation, introduced in 2011-2012 which concern issues of planning and building of settlements. It is established that the functions of the State for Sanitary and Epidemiological Oversight have been given up and the necessity of incorporation in the Law of Ukraine "On ensuring sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population" alterations which touch upon the implementation of a new approach to the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Oversight of the objects, namely for the placement of objects with low and moderate epidemic risk accordingly to hygienic declarations, objects with high risk--using an approach directed to the risk assessment of the impact of such facilities on public health.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2014
[Results of biomonitoring for zinc in children of the Irkutsk region].
The aim of the work is to test the application of the method of evaluating the content of zinc in the hair of the child population for solving SHM tasks on the example of the Irkutsk region. In total 426 children aged 5-6 years were examined, selected in four groups. The first group was consisted of children residing in a large industrial center to the south of the region, the second--in the the small town of the central part, the third group was formed by rural children of the central region, and the fourth--the northern and foothill regions. ⋯ The highest concentrations of zinc in hair were observed in children living in the northern foothills and the Irkutsk region, which are characterized by elevated levels of this metal in the soil. In the diet of the inhabitants of these regions there is prevailed local food of animal origin, which is the main source of the entry of zinc into the body. In areas of intensive industrial development, despite the rather high zinc content in the objects of the environment, there was noted the high frequency of the zinc deficiency states, especially in conditions of complex chemical factors exposure and lifestyle that may be associated with features of not only input, but also the absorption of zinc in the body children.