Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2003
[Microbiological criteria in the evaluation of drinking water quality].
The obtained materials are indicative of a need to introduce new approaches towards both the process of drinking-water preparation and the evaluation of the drinking-water quality. It is necessary to take account of the symbiotic relations between the sanitary-significant bacteria, on the one hand, and algae and protozoa ensuring the survival of pathogens in the environment and worsening the water sanitary parameters, on the other hand, in working out the microbiological criteria applicable to the evaluation of the safety of drinking-water supply. Bacteria persistence can be reliable criteria in assessing the drinking-water quality. The use of qualitative characteristics (determination of persistent properties of microflora) alongside with the quantitative parameters should enhance the reliability of sanitary-and-microbiological assessments of the drinking-water quality.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2003
[Dynamics of physical development of school children in the city of Novosibirsk].
An analysis of physical development of schoolchildren, aged 7 to 17, and held during the recent 40 years in the city of Novosibirsk, showed an improvement only within an interval ranging from 1959 to 1969. A slow-down of development rate and a reduced length and weight of the body and muscle power were registered among schoolchildren with the peak values falling on 2001 and being indicative of the acceleration seizure. The authors suppose that it is related with a number of unfavorable ecological-and-hygienic and social-and-economic factors.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2003
[Real problems of conducting social-hygienic monitoring on railroads].
Sociohygienic monitoring on the railway transport, which is a branch part of the state sociohygienic monitoring system, includes observation, analysis, assessment, and prediction of the health status and habitat of railway workers and population to be served, as well as the establishment of associations of the health status with environmental factors. Standard legal, scientific-and-methodological, and organizational bases have been set up for branch monitoring. The basic parameters and the procedure for interaction of branch and territorial entities have been defined.
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The paper presents data on the health status of a large professional group of transport building workers--those who build BAM railway tunnels and those who build Moscow and Saint Petersburg underground stations. Major factors that are associated with underground work and that form the level of morbidity with temporary disability are identified. Respiratory, osteomuscular, digestive diseases, accidents, intoxications, and injuries are predominant in the structure of temporary disability. Lines of better organization of therapeutical-and-prophylactic aid to this contingent are defined.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2003
[Hygienic evaluation of environmental effect on health status of residents of an industrial city under conditions of insurance medicine].
The chemical environmental pollution of industrial urban areas was comprehensively assessed. There was a correlation between some diseases and chemicals; some pollutants exert unidirectional adverse effects on human health. As a way of influencing the man-made load, the authors suggest that an increasing coefficient to the allocations to the health insurance fund should be introduced for the enterprises that cause the proven hazard to human health. The addressing approach to analyzing morbidity rates increases the validity of studies establishing the relationship of environmental factors to health indices.