Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2002
[Factors contributing to the pollution of the environment in a large industrial center].
Many-year (1993-1998) comparative hygienic evaluation of industrial and car transport waste discharge in five regions of Samara, making use of systemic analysis methods, helped single out the most significant chemical compounds and develop a mathematical model of the effects of industrial waste in a large city on the development of bronchopulmonary diseases.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2002
[Relationship between emotional stress in female residents of the city of Chapaevsk and toxicological and genetic values].
The severity of stress was evaluated in 45 female residents of the town of Chapaevsk (3 groups, 14-15 females each, with different levels of exposure to dioxins) using 5 standard psychological questionnaires. The results of testing were correlated to plasma dioxin concentrations and levels of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of the same donors. ⋯ The severity of stress correlated with plasma dioxin concentrations (p < or = 0.001) and levels and spectra of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood cells (p < or = 0.05, p < or = 0.01 in different tests). Presumably, one of the causes of high level of chromosomal aberrations in these women is dioxin-induced decrease of the adaptation potential, resulting in increase of the genome sensitivity to genotoxic factors of other origin).
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2002
[Infectious diseases in children living under conditions of technology-related pollution of atmospheric air].
Epidemiological and clinical studies in children with acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) and viral hepatitis A (HVA), living in zones with different levels of technogenic pollution of the atmosphere, showed that the incidence and clinical course of viral infections in children depended on the technogenic pollution of the environment, this effect being the more pronounced, the higher the level of xenobiotics in the air. Children living under conditions of high technogenic pollution of the environment should be regarded as a group at risk of more severe ARVI and HVA with complications.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2001
Comparative Study[Dioxins in the environment and in the blood and breast milk of residents of the town of Chapayevsk].
Chapayevsk has a 30-year history of producing organochlorines, leading to environmental dioxin pollution. As much as 3 kg of these substances are annually formed at the plant. The concentrations of dioxins in the ambient air were found to be 0.001 to 1.13 pg/m3, in 1-TEF dioxin equivalent or 0.00001-1.76 pg/m3, as calculated by using WHO-TEF for dioxin-like compounds, those in the urban drinking water were 0.1 to 20.83 pg/liter, in the soil near the plant, 141 ng TEQ/kg, by decreasing to 37 ng/kg in the downtown (2-7 km from the plant) and 4 ng/kg at a distance of 7-10 km from the plant, their levels in the vegetables and fruits were 0.002 to 10.6 pg/kg. ⋯ The mean content of dioxins in the breast milk (7 pooled samples from 40 individual trials) was 43.3 pgTEQ/fat. It is significantly higher than that detected in the populations of other Russian territories and other countries. The mean blood concentrations of dioxins in peoples living near the plant was 75.2 pgTEQ/fat, those were lower (24.5 pgTEQ/fat) in those living at 5-7 km of the plant.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2001
Comparative Study[Study of higher schooling load effect on the health status of schoolchildren].
Higher schooling load, non-observance of school routine, inactivity, etc. have a negative impact on health. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of intensive training on the health status of schoolchildren. An intensive training college, a physico-mathematical school, a private school-gymnasia were chosen as objects of studies. ⋯ The examination ascertained that the schooling load at new-type schools was greater than the standards established. Before going to new-type schools, schoolchildren had a better health status than did the general educational school children of their age; during schooling, worse health was, however, more noticeable in new-type school children than in the matched schoolchildren. A higher schooling load also affects the performance of schoolchildren unfavorably.