Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2011
Comparative Study[Hygienic bases for management of bottled drinking water quality].
The paper analyzes the existing normative requirements, by controlling the packaged drinking waters versus tap water; substantiates additions into a list, the regulated levels of a number of indices for this type of products, including those for the waters designed for babies, and the narrowed list of indices for state control. To assure the high quality of finished products, it is shown to be important to perform a sanitary-and-epidemiological study of raw water for pouring and finished products in full conformity with normative documents and to use current water conditioning technologies by the level of major biogenic elements to have physiologically adequate waters of high quality.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2011
Comparative Study[Complex hygienic evaluation of working conditions and environmental protection at glass works].
The working conditions and sanitary-and-hygienic state of the Kvarts glass works in the town of Kuvasai were studied. Harmful industrial factors were shown to influence on the incidence of disease with temporary disability; atmospheric emission of pollutants and discharge of sewage were calculated. The results of the analysis were assessed in the hygienic point and necessary recommendations to improve working conditions and the environment.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2011
Comparative Study[Assessment of the health status of a population living in the catchment area of the Kuĭbyshev water reservoir].
An analysis of trends in primary morbidity in the regions belonging to the catchment area of the Kuibyshev water reservoir within the Republic of Tatarstan has shown its rise in the examined classes of diseases. There is the highest increase in morbidity in the areas located in the river basins of Kama, Sviyaga, Kazanka, Mesha, which are the main tributaries of the Kuibyshev water reservoir in the Republic of Tatarstan. The cumulative hazard index in the assessment of a noncancer risk to the health of the population consuming the portable water and fish from the Kuibyshev reservoir is 0.34, which suggests that there is no serious hazard to human health. With oral intake of lead and cadmium, the cancer risk corresponds to the maximum acceptable value.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2011
[Economic evaluation and rationale for human health risk management decisions].
The priority task of human health maintenance and improvement is risk management using the new economic concepts based on the assessment of potential and real human risks from exposure to poor environmental factors and on the estimation of cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness ratios. The application of economic tools to manage a human risk makes it possible to assess various measures both as a whole and their individual priority areas, to rank different scenarios in terms of their effectiveness, to estimate costs per unit of risk reduction and benefit increase (damage decrease).
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2011
Comparative Study[Hygienic features of working conditions and their impact on the health of women engaged in the present-day manufacture of paper wallpaper].
The purpose of the investigation was to comprehensively assess working conditions and their impact on the health of female workers engaged in the manufacture of present-day paper wallpaper. A complex of sanitary-and-hygienic, clinical-and-physiological, sociomedical, and statistical studies was used to tackle the tasks set in the investigation. Stage 1 made a sanitary-and-hygienic assessment of industrial factors (microclimate, noise, vibration, the content of toxicants and dust) in the workplaces of female workers from the papering shops using an Elita rolling automatic machine. ⋯ The leading harmful industrial factors are heating microclimate, production noise, and the working air level of harmful chemical substances in the working air. The production process under such microclimatic conditions causes the body's thermal changes characterized by the senses of total warm discomfort and the tension of thermoregulatory mechanisms, as confirmed by weighed mean skin temperature studies and decreased working capacity. The working conditions in the manufacture of wallpaper products are shown to result in an increase in female morbidity.