Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2010
Comparative Study Historical Article[The status and measures to secure safe household water supply in the Russian Federation].
To preserve the health of our nation, to reduce mortality rates, and to increase longevity are the most important conditions for solving the problem of national security. The Russian Federation completely supports the world community's efforts to conserve water bodies and to prevent the spread water-borne diseases. ⋯ Portable water deficiency in a number of the Russian Federation's subjects, such as the Kostroma, Kaluga, and Pskov Republics, the Republic of North-Alania, etc., is one of the poor factors of household water supply. To improve the provision of our country's population with good-quality drinking water, the Russian Inspectorate for the Protection of Consumer Rights and Human Welfare, continuously does work to improve the legal and regulatory basis that stipulates sanitary-and-epidemiological standards for portable water and drinking water supply.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2010
Comparative Study[Estimation of adaptive capacities in Magnitogorsk children from the activity of some detoxification enzymes].
The paper provides the first fragment of a multiparameter study analyzing the influence of environmental pollution, the social and psychological features of a family, and some endogenous factors on genome stability and sensitivity in a developed ferrous metallurgy town. It also gives data on the urine and serum activity of the lysosomal enzyme N-acetyl-b-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and the serum activity of catalase in an organized contingent of apparently healthy children (n = 178; 6 kindergartens) aged 5-7 years, who live permanently in Magnitogorsk at different distances from the metallurgical works. More than 70% of children selected for examination were found to have average normal levels of activity of the enzymes studied. ⋯ In the children from the left-bank area, enzyme activities varied more greatly, which suggests the higher prevalence of tense adaptation. Correlation analysis revealed association between the children's serum activity of enzymes and some components of snow pollution. It is anticipated that the found changes in serum activities of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and catalase may be determined by individual differences in a child's response to ambient air pollutants.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2010
[Evaluation of the efficiency of measures to reduce the influence of risk factors on human health].
65% of the region's population is covered by the complex monitoring and control of environmental factors. Chemical contamination of drinking water with iron, manganese, boron, or nitrates makes a 60% contribution to anthropogenic load. Implementation of the measures of a special urban program could reduce the proportion of the drinking water, which did not meet the hygienic standards by sanitary chemical indicators, in Voronezh from 10.2% in 1999 to 8.5% in 2008 and halve the concentration of manganese and iron.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2010
[Evaluation of exposure of the Moscow population to ambient air pollution by carcinogenic substances].
The rapid growth of motor transport in Moscow has led to a substantial increase in the volumes of pollutant emissions into the city's air. As of 2007, the motor transport fleet of the city approximated 3 million units annually consuming about 5 million tons of motor fuel. ⋯ The levels of total carcinogenic risks from the impact of the average concentrations of formaldehyde and benzene in the period 2005 to 2007 in all areas correspond to the maximum permissible (alarm) risk that requires measures to improve ambient air. According to the results of the investigation, health promotion measures are recommended to the Government of Moscow.