Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2008
[Provision of Russia's pediatric population with sanitary-and-epidemiological well-being].
There have been negative tendencies for the formation of public health to be preserved in the past decade. The most important tendency is for the worse physical development and health of children and adolescents. The 2002 All-Russian medical examination of children has provided support for the negative tendencies in the health status of children - the proportion of healthy children during the above period had reduced from 45.5% to 33.9%. ⋯ Adolescents with risky forms of sexual behavior have increased in number. This in combination with underhygienic measures leads to the spread of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases among them. For children's sanitary-and-epidemiological well-being in the Russian Federation, it is expedient: 1) to complete the development of the adverse influence of environmental factors on the health status of children, which envisages the implementation of measures to improve their habitat (ambient air, portable water), intraschool environment, and living conditions in the families, socially poor ones in particularly, nutritional pattern, and lifestyle in children and adolescents; and 2) to introduce prophylactic syllabi at school in order to form healthy life style skills, a conscious attitude to the health status of theirs and those around them, etc. in children and adolescents.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2008
Comparative Study[Influence of poor factors of airports on human health].
The hygienic study conducted in Rostov-on-Don has shown that air transport and airports are important sources of physical and chemical pollution of the environment. Human health examinations served to illustrate the adverse impact of airports on the environmental and hygienic living conditions of the population. The performed studies provided the basis for purpose-oriented program to enhance the environment and to reduce morbidity rates in accordance with the National Environmental Hygiene Program. The developed algorithm of the assessment and reduction of a risk for diseases under the influence of poor factors associated with the activities of airports is designed to provide the authorities and concerned organizations with information, to make managerial decisions, and to work out health-improving measures.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2008
Comparative Study[Impact of man-made atmospheric pollution on the incidence of congenital malformations].
S u m mary. The paper presents the results of studying the qualitative and quantitative representation of anthropogenic pollutants in the ambient air environment of Belgorod and evaluating their impact on the prevalence of neonatal congenital malformations. The level of atmospheric pollutant emissions is shown to vary by an average of 4 to 10 times in some areas. ⋯ Each group of clusters includes 2 to 9 pollutants (median 4.64 pollutants). Atmospheric pollutants have been ascertained to adversely affect the prevalence of congenital malformations in children. A multiple regression equation has been derived to predict the frequency of congenital malformations, by taking into account the qualitative and quantitative spectrum of atmospheric pollutants.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Mar 2008
Comparative Study[Impact of atmospheric pollution on preschool children's health].
The implication of relatively low atmospheric pollution on preschool children's health was studied. There were no significant differences in parameters, such as health index, the frequency of functional impairments, acute morbidity rates in children living in the areas of concentration of low-power air pollution sources and in the pure areas. However, a significantly larger number of ill children and children with Staphylococcus aureus being detected on the nasal mucosa were identified in the relatively high atmospheric air pollution areas.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jan 2008
[The trace element profile in children from various goiter-endemic areas of the Arkhangelsk Region].
The paper presents the results of studying the trace element status in residents from various goiter-endemic areas of the Arkhangelsk Region. It is concluded that endemic goiter in the study areas is determined by not only iodine deficiency, but also by the imbalance of thyroid-specific elements. ⋯ Moreover, an iodine-sufficient area is characterized by the lower levels of Ca, Mg, and Mn. Trace element imbalance is accounted for by the biogeochemical features of the areas under study.