Gigiena i sanitariia
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2007
[Assessment of real risk of urban chemical exposure to the population's health].
Improving the chemoanalytical quality control of the urban environment requires transition from the assessment considering only certain things determined by target analyses to the comprehensive assessment based on monitoring with the identification of the maximally complete spectra of substances contained in the environmental objects and coming from the sources of pollution, by using the appropriate algorithm; identification, quantifying a spectrum of pollutants as completely as possible; selection of the leading indices, by evaluating the detected composition of pollutions from the degree of their hygienic significance, by taking into account a set of criteria (detection rate, concentrations, group affiliation, specificity for a nearby source of pollution in the check of drinking water, a capacity for transformation, possible formation of more toxic transformation products); and monitoring through target tests by the chosen leading indices.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2007
[Medicoecological studies in the assessment of biogeochemical province in the area of a toxic waste ground].
The paper presents the results of complex sanitary-and-epidemiological, toxicological-and-hygienic, and medical diagnostic studies of health and the environment, by taking into account the activity of a toxic industrial waste ground. Toxic waste burning on primitive unfiltered apparatuses was shown to lead to the formation of a biogeochemical province that is characterized by pollution of soil, bottom sediment, subsoil well water and snow with heavy metals, the components of toxic waste. Burning of waste and its storage in the open trenches resulted in ambient air pollution with organic solvents, nitric oxide and sulfur oxide had a negative impact on the health of children living at a distance of 3 km from the ground.
-
Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2007
[Use of morphofunctional and cytogenetic studies to analyze the influence of environmental factors].
Long-term studies of 2 (cytohistology and genetic monitoring) laboratories of the Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, to investigate the influence of environmental factors in the experiments made it possible to develop a noninvasive procedure for evaluating their cytological and cytogenetic impacts on man. A concurrent study of morphofunctional (histological, cytological) and cytogenetic parameters in both experimental and field trials can substantially extend and refine the interpretation of responses to environmental factors, which generates a need for using these parameters in hygienic and epidemiological studies.