Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2007
[Analysis of time series to establish the relationship of respiratory symptomatology in children to ambient air pollution fluctuations].
Eighty-five junior schoolchildren from Nizhni Tagil were examined on the basis of daily recording of respiratory and allergic symptoms by parents and continuous monitoring of ambient air pollution with suspended matter and irritating gases. Regression analysis of the findings has ascertained the adverse impact of even relatively small daily pollution peaks (generally not greater that the established mean maximum daily permissible concentrations) on acute upper and deep airway responses in junior and middle schoolchildren. The principal results of the study agree with those of the studies in the West, although the latter concerned the concentrations of dust particles that are higher and vary in wider ranges than in this study. It is recommended that this methodology be widely introduced into practice in order to establish correlations between ambient air pollution and children's impaired health.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2007
[Regional problems in the provision of hygienic reliability of drinking water consumption].
The paper gives the recent results of researches made at the F. F. Erisman Federal Hygiene Research Center on water-supply hygiene. It presents a functional model of comprehensive assessment of the factors determining the sanitary reliability of drinking water supply, shows the specific features of formation of conditions for water consumption in a number of regions of the Russian Federation and the risk of a water factor to human health, and substantiates the mechanism of water quality control and management at the regional level.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2007
[Experience in rehabilitating children living in the poor environmental areas of a large industrial center].
By using a large industrial center as an example, the authors consider the results of environmental and epidemiological studies applying the techniques of assessing a human health risk and the environment, which could establish the priority problems in morbidity, identify risk factors and environmental contributors, and rank urban areas by the sanitary and epidemiological situation and by the risk to the population's health in order to optimally solve the problems in the implementation of rehabilitation programs for the general population, including children.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2007
[Management of a risk to human health in technological and hygiene reequipment of industrial enterprises].
By using as an example the Urals aluminum plants UAZ-SUAL and BAZ-SUAL that are under reconstruction at different levels, the authors have developed the basic elements of a risk management methodology, which ensure the creation of living conditions that are safe to the population's health. They give a comprehensive hygienic and economic assessment of the choice of effective development strategy of an enterprise and show the ways and possibility of solving the problems associated with the sanitary-and-epidemiological situation of strain.
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The paper presents the results of some guidance studies assessing the risk, recently conducted at the A. N. ⋯ It also gives the results of testing scientific developments in the assessment of a multienvironmental risk in the areas exposed to emission from aluminum works (Khakasia) and chemical and petrochemical enterprises (Samara Region) and in the determination of contribution of emission from the Moscow fuel-and-energy complex to risks and damages to human health, caused by ambient air pollution. The urgent issues of further development of modern trends in risk guidance studies are determined.