Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2006
[Immunological responsiveness in trained and untrained schoolchildren and students during a school year].
Examination of trained (43 skiers) and untrained senior schoolchildren (31 young males); low-order students-skiers (110 girls) and untrained students (17 girls); high-order students-skiers (n=39) and students not going in for sports (n=60) established that in school children and female students of both groups, the cellular and humoral immunogical changes were mainly seasonal: in spring versus autumn, a considerable reduction in the concentration of immunoglobulins (Ig) G, M, and A and circulating immune complexes (CIC) was attended by a significant B-immunity system increase. In the high-order skiers, the time course of changes in immunological responsiveness depended on both a season and a muscle activity regime. In autumn with the start of intensive training loads, the vast majority of immune defense parameters (9/12) were significantly higher in the trained skiers than in the untrained. In spring versus autumn, despite a significant reduction in many cellular and humoral immunological parameters with a considerable increase in the count of T and B lymphocytes in both groups of students, many parameters, in particular the levels of T and B lymphocytes, IgG, and CIC usually remained higher in the sporting students than those in the untrained students of the same age.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2006
[Somatotype-dependent cardiorespiratory system adaption in children and adolsescents in the north-east of Russia].
The authors have revealed the tension of cardiovascular performance in 11-14-year-old children and adolescents with the macrosomatotype (MaS) and a lower bronchial patency in 13-14-year-old adolescents in the winter-spring period. This points to the decreased reserves of the cardiorespiratory system in the teenagers with MaS during their adaptation the environment of the north-east of Russia.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2006
[The cytological status of the nasal mucosa and the buccal epithelium in coal miners].
Sixty-four persons were examined. The examination was undertaken to study the cytomophological parameters of the cells of the nasal mucosa and the buccal epithelium in coal miners. ⋯ Nasal mucosal atrophic changes were observed in 50% of the examined miners. Examination of the buccal epithelium in apparently healthy miners (code 0) and in workers with Stage I anthracosilicosis revealed the increased proportion of microfloral (Streptococcus) contamination by 79% and 3.7 times, respectively.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2006
[Impact of drinking water calcium and magnesium levels on morbidity in the Omsk Region].
Drinking water calcium and magnesium levels were examined for impact on morbidity in a model rural area of a West Siberian region. It was ascertained that there were negative correlations between the water levels of the above elements and the incidence of respiratory, gastrointestinal, and locomotor diseases and positive correlations between the concentrations of calcium and magnesium and the incidence of nervous, urogenital, and eye diseases. It is concluded that by adjusting the findings, the medical care availability factor should be taken into account in the investigations using the health indices calculated on the data from official medical accounts. This investigation has shown the estimation of the drinking water levels of calcium and magnesium as a significant hygienic problem for a model region.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2006
Review[Sociohygienic monitoring in the Russian Federation: problems and tasks].
The State sociohygienic monitoring (SHM) system is one of the most important mechanisms of providing sanitary-and-epidemiological well-being in the population. The March 30, 1999 Federal Law on Sanitary-and-Epidemiological Well-being of the Population" refers SHM to as one of the mechanisms of state regulation in this field and defines as a state system for monitoring the population's health and the environment, for analyzing, evaluating, and predicting them, and for revealing cause-and-effect relations between the population's health status and the influence of environmental factors. Much work has been recently done to establish and manage a federal information fund (FIF) that is a database on the human health status and environment, based on long-term observations and an aggregate of normative legal acts and reference materials on the analysis of prediction and determination of cause-and-effect relations between the human health status and the influence of environmental factors. ⋯ The draft list of SHM indices is harmonized with the indices of the European SHN information system, with the list of social diseases, approved by the Russian Federation's Government Regulation No. 715 dated December 1, 2004, and the list of national security threat indices (A 21-2162 dated August 29, 2003). The draft list has been considered by the specialists of the Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being; comments have been taken into account. The draft is under reconsideration and will require approval in the near future.