Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica
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In a retrospective study in children aged 0-18 years, 457 ankle fractures in children were classified traumatologically according to Gerner-Smidt or Lauge-Hansen. Anatomically, ankle fractures with open growth plates were classified according to the Salter-Harris classification. Pronation injuries constituted 18% of the ankle injuries and showed different fracture patterns. ⋯ Pronation-dorsal flexion showed a physeal-metaphyseal fracture in four cases with an anteriorly situated metaphyseal fragment (Stages I-II); one case also had a metaphyseal fracture of the distal fibula (Stage III). Pronation-eversion injuries showed frequently displacement and were more commonly treated by reduction than pronation-abduction and supination injuries including supination-eversion injuries of intra-articular type. However, complete reduction of pronation-eversion injuries with closed methods often proved difficult.