Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica
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We studied the effect of quadriceps or hamstring contractions on the anterior tibial shear load to anterior cruciate ligament failure in an in vivo rat model. In both knees of 20 Wistar rats the joint capsule and ligaments, except the anterior cruciate ligaments, were cut and the menisci resected. In 10 rats the right ligament was loaded to failure by anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur in a testing device during hamstring contraction induced by electrical stimulation of the ischiatic nerve. ⋯ During testing with quadriceps contraction, no differences in the structural properties were found, compared to testing with the quadriceps relaxed. Our findings show that hamstring contraction helps to resist anterior tibial shear force at 30 degrees knee flexion in rats thus protecting the anterior cruciate ligaments. Quadriceps contraction in this situation does not affect anterior shear force to ligament failure.
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In 1988, 1212 patients with an acute pelvic fracture were registered in Finnish hospitals for primary treatment. The overall incidence in women was 29/10(5) and in men 20/10(5). The female to male ratio was 2.9 in patients who were over 49 years of age, while in younger age groups the ratio was 0.5. ⋯ In half of the cases the mechanism of injury was a fall and in one quarter a traffic accident. Slightly more than half of the cases were stable and half of the cases were of moderate severity. The average length of hospital stay varied from 17 days in men to 21 days in women.
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During a 5-year period 1,307 patients with cervical hip fractures were operated on with Olmed screws. In 7 patients one or both screws migrated into the pelvis. 6 patients underwent a total hip arthroplasty without complications, 1 patient had a Girdlestone procedure.