Yonsei medical journal
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Yonsei medical journal · Feb 2024
Alterations in Plasma Cytokine Levels in Korean Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Numerous studies have supported the role of the immune dysfunction in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, to our knowledge, no study has been conducted on plasma cytokine levels in children with ASD in South Korea. In this study, we aimed to analyze the immunological characteristics of Korean children with ASD through plasma cytokine analysis. ⋯ We confirmed that Korean children with ASD showed altered immune function and unique cytokine expression patterns distinct from TDC.
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Yonsei medical journal · Feb 2024
Exploring the Safety and Efficacy of Organic Light-Emitting Diode in Skin Rejuvenation and Wound Healing.
Photobiomodulation (PBM), encompassing low-energy laser treatment and light-emitting diode (LED) phototherapy, has demonstrated positive impacts on skin rejuvenation and wound healing. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) present a promising advancement as wearable light sources for PBM. However, the biological and biochemical substantiation of their skin rejuvenation and wound healing effects remains limited. This study aimed to ascertain the safety and efficacy of OLEDs as a next-generation PBM modality through comprehensive in vitro and in vivo investigations. ⋯ This study established comparable effectiveness between OLED and LED irradiation in upregulating collagen and growth factor expression levels while downregulating MMP levels in vitro. In the UV-irradiated animal skin model, OLED exposure post UV radiation correlated with reduced skin wrinkles and augmented dermal collagen density. Accelerated wound recovery and demonstrated safety further underscore OLEDs' potential as a future PBM modality alongside LEDs, offering promise in the realms of skin rejuvenation and wound healing.
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Yonsei medical journal · Feb 2024
Retention Rates and Successful Treatment with Antiseizure Medications in Newly-Diagnosed Epilepsy Patients.
Treatment for epilepsy primarily involves antiseizure medications (ASMs), which can be characterized using the clinical data warehouse (CDW) database. In this study, we compared retention rates and time to successful treatment for various ASMs to reflect both efficacy and adverse effects in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy. ⋯ Second-generation ASMs have the advantage of more successful treatment with fewer ASM regimen changes compared with first-generation drugs. Various comorbid conditions as well as age and sex should be considered when selecting ASMs.
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Yonsei medical journal · Feb 2024
ReviewBeneficial Effects of Low-Grade Mitochondrial Stress on Metabolic Diseases and Aging.
Mitochondria function as platforms for bioenergetics, nutrient metabolism, intracellular signaling, innate immunity regulators, and modulators of stem cell activity. Thus, the decline in mitochondrial functions causes or correlates with diabetes mellitus and many aging-related diseases. Upon stress or damage, the mitochondria elicit a series of adaptive responses to overcome stress and restore their structural integrity and functional homeostasis. ⋯ Accumulated evidence indicates that treatments boosting mitohormesis have therapeutic potential in various human diseases accompanied by mitochondrial stress. Here, we review multiple cellular signaling pathways and interorgan communication mechanisms through which mitochondrial stress leads to advantageous outcomes. We also discuss the relevance of mitohormesis in obesity, diabetes, metabolic liver disease, aging, and exercise.
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Yonsei medical journal · Feb 2024
Evaluation of the Regulatory Required Post-Authorization Safety Study for Propacetamol: Nested Case-Control and Case-Time-Control Studies.
Following the withdrawal of propacetamol in Europe owing to safety issues, the regulatory authority of South Korea requested a post-marketing surveillance study to investigate its safety profile. ⋯ In both nested case-control and CTC analyses, propacetamol was not associated with an increased risk of anaphylaxis, thrombosis, or SJS. The findings from this study, which used routinely collected clinical data, provide reassuring real-world evidence regarding the safety of propacetamol in a nationwide population to support regulatory decision-making.