Yonsei medical journal
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Yonsei medical journal · Jan 2022
Detection and Weak Segmentation of Masses in Gray-Scale Breast Mammogram Images Using Deep Learning.
In this paper, we propose deep-learning methodology with which to enhance the mass differentiation performance of convolutional neural network (CNN)-based architecture. ⋯ Our results indicated that the proposed patch-wise detection method can be utilized as a mass detection and segmentation tool.
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Yonsei medical journal · Jan 2022
Catalpol Inhibits Tregs-to-Th17 Cell Transdifferentiation by Up-Regulating Let-7g-5p to Reduce STAT3 Protein Levels.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease, and Th17 cells are key factors in the pathogenesis of human inflammatory conditions, such as RA. Catalpol (CAT), a component in Rehmanniae Radix (RR), has been found to regulate human immunity. However, the effects of CAT on Th17 cell differentiation and improvement of RA are not clear. ⋯ Our data indicate that CAT may be a potential modulator of Tregs-to-Th17 cells transdifferentiation by up-regulating let-7g-5p to reduce the expression of STAT3. These results provide new directions for research into RA treatment.
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Yonsei medical journal · Jan 2022
ABT-737, a BH3 Mimetic, Enhances the Therapeutic Effects of Ionizing Radiation in K-ras Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Preclinical Model.
Tumor radioresistance and dose-limiting toxicity restrict the curative potential of radiotherapy, requiring novel approaches to overcome the limitations and augment the efficacy. Here, we investigated the effects of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation and autophagy induction by irradiation on antiapoptotic proteins and the effectiveness of the BH3 mimetic ABT-737 as a radiosensitizer using K-ras mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and a KrasG12D:p53fl/fl mouse (KP mouse) model. ⋯ These findings supported the radiosensitizing activity of ABT-737 in preclinical models, and suggested that clinical trials using this strategy may be beneficial in K-ras mutant NSCLC.
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Yonsei medical journal · Jan 2022
Primary Tumor Suppression and Systemic Immune Activation of Macrophages through the Sting Pathway in Metastatic Skin Tumor.
Agonists of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) play a key role in activating the STING pathway by promoting the production of cytokines. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effects and activation of the systemic immune response of treatment with DMXAA (5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid), a STING agonist, in EML4-ALK lung cancer and CT26 colon cancer. ⋯ The abscopal effect of DMXAA treatment on the skin strongly reduced the spread of EML4-ALK lung cancer and CT26 colon cancer through the STING pathway and induced the presentation of antigens.
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Yonsei medical journal · Jan 2022
ReviewPhysician Knowledge Base: Clinical Decision Support Systems.
With the introduction of electronic medical records (EMRs), it has become possible to accumulate massive amounts of qualitative medical data. As such, EMRs have become increasingly used in clinical decision support systems (CDSSs). While CDSSs aim to reduce medical errors normally occurring in the process of treating patients by physicians, technical maturity and the completeness of CDSSs do not meet standards for medical use yet. ⋯ In current practice, computational systems already perform a wide variety of functions in medical settings to allow medical staff to focus on other tasks. However, no prior research has evaluated the potential effectiveness of future CDSSs nor analyzed possibilities for their further development. In this article, we evaluate CDSS technology with the consideration that medical staff also understand the core functions of such systems.