Bulletin du cancer
-
The adjuvant treatment of biliary tract cancers has long been poorly defined. In recent years, randomized trial data have been used to define treatment references. ⋯ Although the results in intention to treat were borderline significant on the primary endpoint, overall survival (P=0.097), sensitivity analyzes adjusted for prognostic factors and relapse-free survival analyses are clearly positive. The absolute benefit of +5%/+10% overall survival, combined with low and known toxicity profile, leads to recommending treatment for any cancer of the resected bile ducts (with the exception of gallbladder cancer pT1N0).
-
Allogeneic hematopoïetic stem cell transplantation is one of the most efficient curative treatment for acute leukemia. But it is also a heavy process with an important risk of complications, particularly infection and graft versus host disease. ⋯ To limit this microbiota impairment, we could restore a healthy microbiota by a fecal microbiota transplantation, which has already shown its efficiency in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection. The aim of this review is to describe the intestinal microbiota, the link between microbiota and complications of allogeneic stem cells transplantation, and the recent published data on fecal microbiota transplantation in this field.
-
In this brief note, we review the state of knowledge about biomarkers that influence the response to current immunotherapies and the impact of recent technological developments (single-cell analysis, multi-dimensional imaging) on the analysis of these biomarkers. Also, new developments and strategies around CAR-T cells and bispecific antibodies in immuno-oncology are presented.
-
Over the past decades, progresses in oncology have improved the recovery rates after numerous malignant diseases, including breast cancer, that strike young adults in childbearing age. Quality of life of young cancer survivors has become a major issue. However, anticancer therapies can have a detrimental impact on fertility. ⋯ Over the past years innovative protocols of ovarian stimulation have been developed to enable breast cancer patients to undergo oocyte or embryo cryopreservation irrespective of the phase of the cycle or without exogenous follicle-stimulating hormone related increase in serum estradiol levels. When controlled ovarian hyperstimualtion cannot be implemented, other techniques such as cryopreservation of ovarian cortex, in vitro maturation or the use of GnRH agonists may be proposed. However, it is important to inform patients that all these fertility preservation techniques do not represent a guarantee of pregnancy.
-
Editorial Historical Article
[About the 2019 Nobel Prize in Medicine].