Surgery
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Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) was evaluated as a postoperative analgesic. Patients undergoing lumbar spine operations, hip surgery, and gynecological laparotomies were studied. ⋯ Results from 46 experimental patients demonstrated that TENS could reduce the demand for postoperative narcotics in a group of patients who had not used narcotic analgesics before operation. No significant benefit was observed for patients who had used narcotics prior to operation.