Surgery
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Our preliminary results showed that pentoxifylline improves survival after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), even though in this model inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) activity decreases survival. In this study we tested the hypothesis that pentoxifylline improves survival after CLP, not by inhibiting TNF synthesis but by exerting its effect on leukocyte adhesiveness, neutrophil sequestration, recruitment of cells into the focus of sepsis, and interleukin-1 (IL-1) expression. ⋯ Pentoxifylline improves survival after CLP without inhibiting TNF synthesis or expression of CD11b/CD18 on leukocytes. Pentoxifylline treatment reduced lung neutrophil sequestration and IL-1 beta mRNA levels and increased cell recruitment in the peritoneum.